Melatonin-Regulated Chaperone Binding Protein Plays a Key Role in Cadmium Stress Tolerance in Rice, Revealed by the Functional Characterization of a Novel Serotonin N -Acetyltransferase 3 ( SNAT3 ) in Rice.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Oryza*/genetics ; Oryza*/metabolism ; Oryza*/drug effects ; Melatonin*/metabolism ; Melatonin*/pharmacology ; Cadmium*/metabolism ; Cadmium*/toxicity ; Plant Proteins*/metabolism ; Plant Proteins*/genetics ; Plants, Genetically Modified*/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant* ; Stress, Physiological* ; Arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferase*/metabolism ; Arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferase*/genetics; Molecular Chaperones/metabolism ; Molecular Chaperones/genetics ; Serotonin/metabolism

The study of the mechanisms by which melatonin protects against cadmium (Cd) toxicity in plants is still in its infancy, particularly at the molecular level. In this study, the gene encoding a novel serotonin N -acetyltransferase 3 ( SNAT3 ) in rice, a pivotal enzyme in the melatonin biosynthetic pathway, was cloned. Rice ( Oryza sativa ) OsSNAT3 is the first identified plant ortholog of archaeon Thermoplasma volcanium SNAT . The purified recombinant OsSNAT3 catalyzed the conversion of serotonin and 5-methoxytryptamine to N -acetylserotonin and melatonin, respectively. The suppression of OsSNAT3 by RNAi led to a decline in endogenous melatonin levels followed by a reduction in Cd tolerance in transgenic RNAi rice lines. In addition, the expression levels of genes encoding the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperones BiP3 , BiP4 , and BiP5 were much lower in RNAi lines than in the wild type. In transgenic rice plants overexpressing OsSNAT3 (SNAT3-OE), however, melatonin levels were higher than in wild-type plants. SNAT3-OE plants also tolerated Cd stress, as indicated by seedling growth, malondialdehyde, and chlorophyll levels. BiP4 expression was much higher in the SNAT3-OE lines than in the wild type. These results indicate that melatonin engineering could help crops withstand Cd stress, resulting in high yields in Cd-contaminated fields.

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Keywords: binding proteins; cadmium tolerance; chaperone; melatonin; serotonin N-acetyltransferase; transgenic rice

JL5DK93RCL (Melatonin)
00BH33GNGH (Cadmium)
0 (Plant Proteins)
EC 2.3.1.87 (Arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferase)
0 (Molecular Chaperones)
333DO1RDJY (Serotonin)

Date Created: 20240619 Date Completed: 20240619 Latest Revision: 20240708

20240708

PMC11172786

10.3390/ijms25115952

38892140