Study of MIC of silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles, strong and cost-effective antibacterial against biofilm-producing Acinetobacter baumannii in Shiraz, Southwest of Iran.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968551 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2334 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712334 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001-

Acinetobacter baumannii*/drug effects ; Acinetobacter baumannii*/genetics ; Biofilms*/drug effects ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents*/pharmacology ; Silver*/pharmacology ; Zinc Oxide*/pharmacology ; Zinc Oxide*/chemistry ; Acinetobacter Infections*/microbiology ; Metal Nanoparticles*/chemistry ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial*; Iran ; Humans ; Adult ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Child ; Aged ; Child, Preschool ; Nanoparticles/chemistry

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii resistant strains lead to increased mortality, treatment costs, and an increase in the length of hospitalization. Nowadays, nanoparticles are considered a substitute for antibiotics. This study aimed to determine the MIC of Silver (Ag) and Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles (NPs) on Biofilm-Producing Acinetobacter baumannii and determine the relationship between MIC and frequency of efflux pump genes in cutaneous specimens in Shiraz, Southwest Iran in 2021-2022.
Methods: In this study, specimens were collected from April 2021 to June 2022 at Namazi and Faqihi Hospitals in Shiraz. Investigation of biofilm production in multidrug resistance (MDR) isolates was done by the microtiter plate method. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-vis spectrum, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electron microscopy. The MIC of AgNPs and ZnONPs for isolates was done using the method described in the CLSI guideline (2018). The antibacterial effect of MIC of NPs on inanimate objects was done by colony counts. The prevalence of efflux pump genes (adeR, adeC, adeA, abeM, adeK, adeI) was also investigated by PCR technique.
Results: The highest ceftriaxone resistance (68%) and lowest colistin resistance (7%) were identified. 57% of isolates were MDR. In addition, 71.9% could produce biofilm and 28.1% of isolates could not produce biofilm. The average size of AgNPs and ZnONPs in the present study is 48 and < 70 nm, respectively. The nanoparticles were spherical. The MIC and the MBC of the ZnONPs were in the range of 125 to 250 µg/mL respectively. Also, for AgNPs, the MIC and the MBC were in the range of 62.5 to 250 µg/ml, respectively. AbeM gene had the highest frequency and the AdeK gene had the lowest frequency. Statistical analysis showed that there is a relationship between the frequency of adeA, adeC, and adeM genes with the MIC of AgNPs and ZnONPs.
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, inanimate objects such as scalpels in contact with AgNPs (6000 µg/ml for 240 min) or ZnONPs (5000 µg/ml for 120 min) can be free of biofilm producing Acinetobacter baumannii  with efflux pump genes.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

Front Microbiol. 2021 Apr 16;12:652863. (PMID: 33936010)
J Hazard Mater. 2021 Mar 5;405:124206. (PMID: 33535360)
Nat Rev Mater. 2021;6(12):1078-1094. (PMID: 34394960)
PLoS One. 2018 Aug 22;13(8):e0201961. (PMID: 30133491)
Braz J Infect Dis. 2011 Jul-Aug;15(4):305-11. (PMID: 21860999)
Crit Care. 2018 Nov 21;22(1):319. (PMID: 30463589)
Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2019 Feb;53(2):190-194. (PMID: 30391645)
BMC Infect Dis. 2019 Jul 17;19(1):629. (PMID: 31315572)
Microb Drug Resist. 2017 Sep;23(6):744-756. (PMID: 28085571)
Burns. 2015 Mar;41(2):364-71. (PMID: 25145873)
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2016 Nov 30;15(12):1567-1578. (PMID: 27872929)
J Pathog. 2016;2016:7318075. (PMID: 26966582)
APMIS. 2015 Nov;123(11):959-68. (PMID: 26350174)
Int J Nanomedicine. 2017 Feb 14;12:1227-1249. (PMID: 28243086)
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2014 Dec 15;8(12):1511-7. (PMID: 25500648)
Front Microbiol. 2018 Jun 06;9:1218. (PMID: 29928271)
Molecules. 2015 May 18;20(5):8856-74. (PMID: 25993417)
Biomater Investig Dent. 2020 Jul 23;7(1):105-109. (PMID: 32939454)
Environ Res. 2023 Jul 1;228:115866. (PMID: 37037312)
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2020 Mar;108:110319. (PMID: 31923962)
J Photochem Photobiol B. 2013 Mar 5;120:66-73. (PMID: 23428888)
Iran J Microbiol. 2011 Jun;3(2):68-74. (PMID: 22347585)
Indian J Med Microbiol. 2011 Jul-Sep;29(3):269-74. (PMID: 21860108)
Iran J Public Health. 2020 Aug;49(8):1539-1545. (PMID: 33083331)
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2018 Jun 1;18(6):3806-3815. (PMID: 29442713)
Am J Infect Control. 2016 May 1;44(5):e65-71. (PMID: 26851196)

Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; Nanoparticles; Polymerase chain reaction

0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
3M4G523W1G (Silver)
SOI2LOH54Z (Zinc Oxide)

Date Created: 20240617 Date Completed: 20240617 Latest Revision: 20240620

20240620

PMC11181610

10.1186/s12879-024-09471-1

38886629