Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Using Henipavirus-Receptor EphrinB2 and Monoclonal Antibodies for Detecting Nipah and Hendra Viruses.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101509722 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1999-4915 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19994915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Viruses Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI

Antibodies, Monoclonal*/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral*/immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay* ; Ephrin-B2*/metabolism ; Henipavirus Infections*/diagnosis; Animals ; Humans ; Antigens, Viral/immunology ; Hendra Virus ; Nipah Virus ; Receptors, Virus/metabolism ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Swine

The Nipah virus (NiV) and the Hendra virus (HeV) are highly pathogenic zoonotic diseases that can cause fatal infections in humans and animals. Early detection is critical for the control of NiV and HeV infections. We present the development of two antigen-detection ELISAs (AgELISAs) using the henipavirus-receptor EphrinB2 and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to detect NiV and HeV. The NiV AgELISA detected only NiV, whereas the NiV/HeV AgELISA detected both NiV and HeV. The diagnostic specificities of the NiV AgELISA and the NiV/HeV AgELISA were 100% and 97.8%, respectively. Both assays were specific for henipaviruses and showed no cross-reactivity with other viruses. The AgELISAs detected NiV antigen in experimental pig nasal wash samples taken at 4 days post-infection. With the combination of both AgELISAs, NiV can be differentiated from HeV. Complementing other henipavirus detection methods, these two newly developed AgELISAs can rapidly detect NiV and HeV in a large number of samples and are suitable for use in remote areas where other tests are not available.

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RPS N-000442 Canadian food inspection agency

Keywords: Hendra virus; Nipah virus; antigen-detection ELISA; henipavirus receptor; monoclonal antibody; recombinant EphrinB2

0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal)
0 (Antibodies, Viral)
0 (Antigens, Viral)
0 (Ephrin-B2)
0 (Receptors, Virus)

Date Created: 20240525 Date Completed: 20240525 Latest Revision: 20240821

20250114

PMC11125807

10.3390/v16050794

38793674