Central giant cell granuloma in the posterior region of mandible mimicking a fibro-osseous lesion and hemangioma: a case report.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101293382 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1752-1947 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17521947 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Med Case Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: [London] : BioMed Central, [2007-

Cone-Beam Computed Tomography* ; Granuloma, Giant Cell*/diagnostic imaging ; Granuloma, Giant Cell*/pathology ; Granuloma, Giant Cell*/diagnosis ; Hemangioma*/diagnostic imaging ; Hemangioma*/diagnosis ; Hemangioma*/pathology; Child ; Humans ; Male ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Mandible/diagnostic imaging ; Mandible/pathology ; Mandibular Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Mandibular Diseases/pathology ; Mandibular Diseases/diagnosis ; Mandibular Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Mandibular Neoplasms/pathology ; Mandibular Neoplasms/diagnosis

Background: A central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is a benign, proliferative, intraosseous, and non-odontogenic lesion occurring primarily in children and young adults. On the histological level, it is characterized by numerous multinucleated giant cells scattered randomly throughout a sea of spindle-shaped mesenchymal stromal cells which are dispersed throughout the fibrovascular connective tissue stroma containing areas of haemorrhage. When it comes to radiographic features, CGCG can have an array of variations, ranging from well-defined expansile lesions to ill-defined and destructive lesions, with or without expansion.
Case Presentation: This case report reviews an 11-year-old Caucasian patient with a chief complaint of slow-growing swelling involving the right posterior mandibular region. The cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed an ill-defined mixed lesion mimicking both fibro-osseous lesion and hemangioma. However, microscopic examination revealed multinucleated giant cells in a fibrous stroma suggestive of central giant cell granuloma.
Conclusion: Our intent in reporting this case is to highlight the importance of thorough clinical, radiographical and histopathological examination for accurate diagnosis and therapeutic interventions as well as to emphasize the importance of taking different possibilities into consideration when examining bony swellings in the head and neck region.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

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Keywords: Central giant cell granuloma; Cone beam computed tomography; Hemangioma

Date Created: 20240520 Date Completed: 20240521 Latest Revision: 20240523

20240523

PMC11106875

10.1186/s13256-024-04571-7

38769587