Exogenous melatonin's effect on salivary cortisol and amylase: A randomized controlled trial.

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, British Pharmacological Society and American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101626369 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2052-1707 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20521707 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Pharmacol Res Perspect Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: [Hoboken, NJ] : John Wiley & Sons Ltd, British Pharmacological Society and American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, [2013]-

Melatonin*/administration & dosage ; Melatonin*/pharmacology ; Saliva*/chemistry ; Saliva*/metabolism ; Hydrocortisone*/metabolism ; Cross-Over Studies*; Humans ; Male ; Adult ; Female ; Young Adult ; alpha-Amylases/metabolism ; Sleep/drug effects ; Sleep Quality ; Double-Blind Method ; Healthy Volunteers ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/drug effects ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/metabolism ; Pituitary-Adrenal System/drug effects ; Pituitary-Adrenal System/metabolism ; Delayed-Action Preparations

This study aimed to examine the effect of acute exogenous melatonin administration on salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase (sCort and sAA) as representatives of the HPA axis and the sympathetic nervous system, respectively. A single-dose prolonged-release melatonin (2 mg) or a placebo tablet was given to healthy volunteers (n = 64) at 20:00 h in a crossover design. The saliva was collected at six time points (20:00, 21:00, awakening, 30 min after awakening, 10:00, and 12:00 h) and was measured for sCort, sAA, and salivary melatonin (sMT) levels. Pulse rates and sleep parameters were also collected. Melatonin was effective in improving sleep onset latency by 7:04 min (p = .037) and increasing total sleep time by 24 min (p = .006). Participants with poor baseline sleep quality responded more strongly to melatonin than participants with normal baseline sleep quality as they reported more satisfaction in having adequate sleep (p = .017). Melatonin administration resulted in higher sCort levels at awakening time point (p = .023) and a tendency of lower sAA levels but these were not significant. Melatonin ingestion at 20:00 h resulted in a marked increase in sMT levels at 21:00 h and remained higher than baseline up to at least 10:00 h (p < .001). Melatonin increases sCort levels at certain time point with a tendency to lower sAA levels. These opposing effects of melatonin suggested a complex interplay between melatonin and these biomarkers. Also, the results confirmed the positive acute effect of a single-dose melatonin on sleep quality.
(© 2024 The Author(s). Pharmacology Research & Perspectives published by British Pharmacological Society and American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

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Mahidol University

Keywords: PSQI; amylase; cortisol; melatonin; saliva; sleep

Date Created: 20240520 Date Completed: 20240520 Latest Revision: 20240717

20240718

PMC11103136

10.1002/prp2.1205

38764237