Association between Oral Health and Depressive Symptoms in Chinese Older Adults: The Mediating Role of Dietary Diversity.

Publisher: MDPI Publishing Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101521595 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6643 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726643 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nutrients Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI Publishing

Depression*/epidemiology ; Oral Health*/statistics & numerical data ; Diet*/statistics & numerical data ; Toothbrushing*/statistics & numerical data; Humans ; Aged ; Male ; Female ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; China/epidemiology ; Aged, 80 and over ; Dentures/statistics & numerical data ; Longitudinal Studies ; Asian People/psychology ; East Asian People

Diet is a modifiable factor in healthy population aging. Additionally, oral health and diet are important factors affecting depressive symptoms. To assess the mediating role of dietary diversity (DD) in oral health and depressive symptoms in older adults, we selected 8442 participants aged ≥ 65 years from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey (CLHLS) for a cross-sectional study. Depressive symptoms were determined based on scores on the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-10). Dietary diversity scores (DDS) were established based on the frequency of intake of food groups. Oral health was measured by denture use and toothbrushing frequency. Stepwise multiple linear regression and PROCESS macros were used for mediated effects analysis and testing. The sample had a positive detection rate of 44.1% for depressive symptoms, 40.8% for denture use, and 41.9% for once-a-day toothbrushing. Denture use (ρ = -0.077, p < 0.01) and toothbrushing frequency (ρ = -0.115, p < 0.01) were negative predictors of depressive symptoms in older adults. DD significantly mediated the association between denture use (indirect effect -0.047; 95%CI: -0.068-0.028; p < 0.001), toothbrushing frequency (indirect effect -0.041; 95%CI: -0.054-0.030; p < 0.001), and depressive symptoms. Denture use and toothbrushing frequency not only directly reduce the risk of depressive symptoms in older adults, but also indirectly affect depressive symptoms through DD.

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71273156 National Natural Science Foundation of China; ZR2023MG050 Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China

Keywords: denture; depressive symptoms; dietary diversity; older adults; toothbrushing

Date Created: 20240427 Date Completed: 20240427 Latest Revision: 20240429

20240429

PMC11054946

10.3390/nu16081231

38674922