H-VISTA Immunohistochemistry Score Is Associated with Advanced Stages in Cutaneous and Ocular Melanoma.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Melanoma*/metabolism ; Melanoma*/pathology ; Melanoma*/diagnosis ; Skin Neoplasms*/metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms*/pathology ; Skin Neoplasms*/diagnosis ; Immunohistochemistry*/methods ; Biomarkers, Tumor*/metabolism ; Neoplasm Staging*; Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Adult ; B7 Antigens/metabolism ; Prognosis ; Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant ; Eye Neoplasms/metabolism ; Eye Neoplasms/pathology ; Eye Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Aged, 80 and over

Melanoma represents a public health issue. One of the biggest goals of current research is to develop new therapeutic options for patients affected by this aggressive tumor. We conducted a retrospective study including 105 patients diagnosed with cutaneous and ocular melanoma, with stages varying from pT1a to pT4b and pT4e, respectively, and we performed immunohistochemistry reactions with the new potential prognostic marker, VISTA (V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation). We quantified the expression by applying the H-score adapted for VISTA and divided the patients, based on the median value, into groups that presented high, low, and negative expression. Therefore, we obtained 65 cases with positive expression for cutaneous melanoma and 8 cases with positive expression for ocular melanoma. Forty-one cases presented high expression in cutaneous melanoma and three cases presented high expression in ocular melanoma. In cutaneous melanoma, analytic statistics showed that VISTA expression was associated with a high Breslow index, high mitotic count, high Ki67 expression, and advanced clinicopathological stage. The majority of ocular melanoma cases demonstrating a positive reaction were classified as stage pT3, whereas earlier stages showed a negative reaction. Our findings underscore a significant correlation between VISTA expression and key prognostic factors in melanoma. Looking ahead, the prospect of future randomized studies holds promise in corroborating the clinical relevance of our findings. By further elucidating the intricate relationship between VISTA expression and melanoma progression, new treatment strategies could be found, improving patient outcomes in this challenging neoplasm.

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Keywords: H-score; VISTA; cutaneous; immunohistochemistry; melanoma; ocular

0 (Biomarkers, Tumor)
0 (VSIR protein, human)
0 (B7 Antigens)

Date Created: 20240427 Date Completed: 20240427 Latest Revision: 20240429

20240429

PMC11049914

10.3390/ijms25084335

38673920