Effect of Melatonin on Herpesvirus Type 1 Replication.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Melatonin*/pharmacology ; Herpesvirus 1, Human* ; Pineal Gland*; Chlorocebus aethiops ; Animals ; Antioxidants/pharmacology ; Vero Cells

Acute HSV-1 infection is associated with mild symptoms, such as fever and lesions of the mouth, face and skin. This phase is followed by a latency period before reactivation, which is associated with symptoms ranging from ulcers to encephalitis. Despite available anti-HSV-1 drugs, the development of new antiviral agents is sought due to the presence of resistant viruses. Melatonin, a molecule secreted by the pineal gland, has been shown to be an antioxidant, inducer of antioxidant enzymes, and regulator of various biological processes. Clinical trials have explored its therapeutic utility in conditions including infections. This study focuses on melatonin's role in HSV-1 replication and the underlying mechanisms. Melatonin was found to decrease the synthesis of HSV-1 proteins in infected Vero cells measured by immunofluorescence, indicating an inhibition of HSV-1 replication. Additionally, it regulates the activities of antioxidant enzymes and affects proteasome activity. Melatonin activates the unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy and suppresses apoptosis in HSV-1-infected cells. In summary, melatonin demonstrates an inhibitory role in HSV-1 replication by modulating various cellular responses, suggesting its potential utility in the treatment of viral infections.

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PI21/01596 Instituto de Salud Carlos III; IDI/2021/000033 Government of the Principado de Asturias

Keywords: ER stress; apoptosis; autophagy; herpesvirus; melatonin; oxidative stress

JL5DK93RCL (Melatonin)
0 (Antioxidants)

Date Created: 20240413 Date Completed: 20240415 Latest Revision: 20240415

20240415

PMC11012353

10.3390/ijms25074037

38612846