Investigating the nexus of metabolic syndrome, serum uric acid, and dementia risk: a prospective cohort study.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101190723 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1741-7015 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17417015 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Med Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: [London] : BioMed Central, 2003-

Metabolic Syndrome* ; Hypertension*/complications ; Dyslipidemias*/complications ; Hyperglycemia* ; Dementia*/etiology ; Dementia*/complications; Humans ; Uric Acid ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Triglycerides

Background: The global dementia prevalence is surging, necessitating research into contributing factors. We aimed to investigate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS), its components, serum uric acid (SUA) levels, and dementia risk.
Methods: Our prospective study comprised 466,788 participants without pre-existing MetS from the UK Biobank. We confirmed dementia diagnoses based on the ICD-10 criteria (F00-03). To evaluate the dementia risk concerning MetS, its components, and SUA levels, we applied Cox proportional hazards models, while adjusting for demographic factors.
Results: Over a median follow-up of 12.7 years, we identified 6845 dementia cases. Individuals with MetS had a 25% higher risk of all-cause dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19-1.31). The risk increased with the number of MetS components including central obesity, dyslipidemia for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia for triglycerides. Particularly for those with all five components (HR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.51-2.04). Dyslipidemia for HDL cholesterol, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia for triglycerides were independently associated with elevated dementia risk (p < 0.01). MetS was further linked to an increased risk of all-cause dementia (11%) and vascular dementia (VD, 50%) among individuals with SUA levels exceeding 400 μmol/L (all-cause dementia: HR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02-1.21; VD: HR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.28-1.77).
Conclusions: Our study provides robust evidence supporting the association between MetS, its components, and dementia risk. These findings emphasize the importance of considering MetS and SUA levels in assessing dementia risk, offering valuable insights for prevention and management strategies.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

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20140001 5010 Planning Project of Sun Yat-sen University, China

Keywords: Alzheimer’s dementia; Dementia; Metabolic syndrome; Risk factors; Serum uric acid; Vascular dementia

268B43MJ25 (Uric Acid)
0 (Cholesterol, HDL)
0 (Triglycerides)

Date Created: 20240314 Date Completed: 20240315 Latest Revision: 20241115

20241115

PMC10938845

10.1186/s12916-024-03302-5

38481272