Diverse proinflammatory response in pharyngeal epithelial cells upon interaction with Neisseria meningitidis carriage and invasive isolates.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968551 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2334 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712334 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001-

Neisseria meningitidis* ; Meningococcal Infections*; Humans ; Epithelial Cells ; Pharynx ; Epithelium

Background: Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD), including sepsis and meningitis, can develop when Neisseria meningitidis bacteria breach the barrier and gain access to the circulation. While IMD is a rare outcome of bacterial exposure, colonization of the oropharynx is present in approximately 10% of the human population. This asymptomatic carriage can be long or short term, and it is unknown which determining factors regulate bacterial colonization. Despite descriptions of many bacterial virulence factors and recent advances in detailed genetic identification and characterization of bacteria, the factors mediating invasion and disease vs. asymptomatic carriage following bacterial colonization remain unknown. The pharyngeal epithelia play a role in the innate immune defense against pathogens, and the aim of this study was to investigate the proinflammatory response of pharyngeal epithelial cells following meningococcal exposure to describe the potential inflammatory mediation performed during the initial host‒pathogen interaction. Clinically relevant isolates of serogroups B, C, W and Y, derived from patients with meningococcal disease as well as asymptomatic carriers, were included in the study.
Results: The most potent cellular response with proinflammatory secretion of TNF, IL-6, CXCL8, CCL2, IL-1β and IL-18 was found in response to invasive serogroup B isolates. This potent response pattern was also mirrored by increased bacterial adhesion to cells as well as induced cell death. It was, however, only with serogroup B isolates where the most potent cellular response was toward the IMD isolates. In contrast, the most potent cellular response using serogroup Y isolates was directed toward the carriage isolates rather than the IMD isolates. In addition, by comparing isolates from outbreaks in Sweden (epidemiologically linked and highly genetically similar), we found the most potent proinflammatory response in cells exposed to carriage isolates rather than the IMD isolates.
Conclusion: Although certain expected correlations between host‒pathogen interactions and cellular proinflammatory responses were found using IMD serogroup B isolates, our data indicate that carriage isolates invoke stronger proinflammatory activation of the epithelial lining than IMD isolates.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

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OLL-929401 and OLL-942196 The Research Committee of Region Örebro County, Örebro, Sweden; OLL-929401 and OLL-942196 The Research Committee of Region Örebro County, Örebro, Sweden; OLL-929401 and OLL-942196 The Research Committee of Region Örebro County, Örebro, Sweden

Keywords: Adhesion; Cell death; Chemokines; Cytokines; FaDu; Host pathogen interaction; IMD

Date Created: 20240305 Date Completed: 20240307 Latest Revision: 20240308

20240308

PMC10916014

10.1186/s12879-024-09186-3

38443838