Prevalence and associated factors of self-medication in worldwide pregnant women: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968562 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2458 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712458 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001-

Pregnancy* ; Self Medication*; Female ; Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Pregnant Women ; Prevalence ; Geography ; Socioeconomic Factors

Background: Self-medication during pregnancy is of great interest. The use of drugs during pregnancy requires a careful reflection on the benefits to the mother and the risks to the fetus. Selecting a drug or drugs for treating pregnant women can be difficult for clinicians owing to the various pharmacokinetic and physiological changes encountered during pregnancy. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of self-medication and associated factors among women during pregnancy.
Methods: Searches were carried out at PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The quality of the studies and the risk of bias were analyzed using the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies instrument. The extracted data were tabulated and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively through meta-analysis.
Results: The overall prevalence of self-medication among pregnant women was 44.50% (95% CI: 38.92-50.23). Subgroup analyses showed differences in self-medication prevalence influenced by region, county income, and study design. The Heterogeneity, assessed by the statistical test I2 varied from 96 to 99% and was statistically significant. The result of this funnel plot showed that the funnel plot was symmetry with p-value = 0.36, and there is no publication bias.
Conclusion: The results obtained from this study showed that the prevalence of self-medication among pregnant women is relatively high. This requires effective measures and interventions to reduce self-medication.
Trial Registration: ID =  CRD42022312333 .
(© 2023. The Author(s).)

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Keywords: Meta-analysis; Pregnancy; Pregnant women; Public Health; Self-medication; Women’s Health

Date Created: 20240126 Date Completed: 20240129 Latest Revision: 20240501

20240502

PMC10821266

10.1186/s12889-023-17195-1

38279083