Avocado intake and cardiometabolic risk factors in a representative survey of Australians: a secondary analysis of the 2011-2012 national nutrition and physical activity survey.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101152213 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1475-2891 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14752891 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nutr J Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, 2002-

Persea* ; Cardiovascular Diseases*/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases*/prevention & control ; Australasian People*; Adult ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ; Blood Glucose ; Glycated Hemoglobin ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Australia/epidemiology ; Dietary Fiber ; Exercise

Background: Avocados are a rich source of nutrients including monounsaturated fats, dietary fibre and phytochemicals. Higher dietary quality is reported in studies of consumers with higher avocado intakes. The present study aimed to examine avocado consumption and cardiometabolic risk measures in a representative sample of Australian adults.
Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed using Australian Health Survey 2011-2013 (n = 2,736 observations). Day 1 24-hour recall data was used to examine reported avocado intake (whole avocados and avocado-containing products excluding avocado oil) and cardiometabolic risk measures (LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B, HbA1c, plasma glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure). T-tests and chi square analyses were conducted between low (5.21 [95% CI: 4.63, 5.79] grams/day) and high (44.11 [95% CI: 35.89, 52.33] grams/day) consumers of avocado.
Results: 14.7% of Australians were 'avocado consumers' (n = 403 observations). Mean avocado intake was 24.63 (95% CI: 20.11, 29.15) grams per day, with a median intake of 10.40 (IQR: 4.49-26.00) grams per day for those considered 'avocado consumers'. Consumers of avocados had a lower BMI and waist circumference (each, p ≤ 0.001), lower plasma glucose level (p = 0.03), and higher HDL cholesterol (p ≤ 0.001) when compared with non-consumers. A trend towards lower plasma glucose, HbA1c (each, p = 0.04) and higher dietary fibre intake (p = 0.05) was found between high and low consumers of avocado.
Conclusions: Our study suggests favourable outcomes for avocado intake and cardiometabolic characteristics of consumers. Future studies should explore glucose homeostasis using a clinical trial design to understand potential relationships between avocado intake and cardiometabolic risk factors.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)

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N/A Avocado Nutrition Center

Keywords: Australia; Avocado; Cardiometabolic risk; National survey; Type 2 diabetes mellitus

0 (Blood Glucose)
0 (Glycated Hemoglobin)
0 (Dietary Fiber)

Date Created: 20240125 Date Completed: 20240129 Latest Revision: 20240129

20240129

PMC10809541

10.1186/s12937-024-00915-7

38273346