Consequences of Aging on Bone.

Publisher: JKL International Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101540533 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2152-5250 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 21525250 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Aging Dis Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: California : JKL International

Aging*/physiology ; Aging*/pathology ; Bone and Bones*; Animals ; Humans ; Adipogenesis/physiology ; Bone Resorption/pathology ; Cellular Senescence/physiology ; Osteoblasts/metabolism ; Osteogenesis/physiology

With the aging of the global population, the incidence of musculoskeletal diseases has been increasing, seriously affecting people's health. As people age, the microenvironment within skeleton favors bone resorption and inhibits bone formation, accompanied by bone marrow fat accumulation and multiple cellular senescence. Specifically, skeletal stem/stromal cells (SSCs) during aging tend to undergo adipogenesis rather than osteogenesis. Meanwhile, osteoblasts, as well as osteocytes, showed increased apoptosis, decreased quantity, and multiple functional limitations including impaired mechanical sensing, intercellular modulation, and exosome secretion. Also, the bone resorption function of macrophage-lineage cells (including osteoclasts and preosteoclasts) was significantly enhanced, as well as impaired vascularization and innervation. In this study, we systematically reviewed the effect of aging on bone and the within microenvironment (including skeletal cells as well as their intracellular structure variations, vascular structures, innervation, marrow fat distribution, and lymphatic system) caused by aging, and mechanisms of osteoimmune regulation of the bone environment in the aging state, and the causal relationship with multiple musculoskeletal diseases in addition with their potential therapeutic strategy.

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Date Created: 20231129 Date Completed: 20241116 Latest Revision: 20241207

20241209

PMC11567267

10.14336/AD.2023.1115

38029404