Factors and consequences associated with intimate partner violence against women in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.

Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science

Developing Countries* ; Intimate Partner Violence*/prevention & control; Humans ; Female ; Mental Health ; Public Health ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a global public health issue, with notably high prevalence rates observed within Low-and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). This systematic review aimed to examine the risk factors and consequences associated with IPV against women in LMICs. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic review using three databases: Web of Science, ProQuest Central, and Scopus, covering the period from January 2010 to January 2022. The study included only peer-reviewed journal articles in English that investigated IPV against women in LMICs. Out of 167 articles screened, 30 met the inclusion criteria, comprising both quantitative and mixed-method studies. Risk factors of IPV were categorised as: demographic risk factors (23 studies), family risk factors (9 studies), community-level factors (1 studies), and behavioural risk factors (14 studies), while consequences of IPV were categorised as mental health impacts (13 studies), physical impacts (5 studies), and societal impacts (4 studies). In this study, several risk factors were identified including lower levels of education, marriage at a young age, poor wealth indices, rural residential areas, and acceptance of gender norms that contribute to the prevalence of IPV in LMICs. It is essential to address these factors through effective preventive policies and programs. Moreover, this review highlights the necessity of large-scale, high-quality policy-driven research to further examine risk factors and consequences, ultimately guiding the development of interventions aimed at preventing IPV against women in LMICs.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2023 Gunarathne et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Lancet. 2002 Apr 13;359(9314):1331-6. (PMID: 11965295)
Lancet. 2002 Oct 5;360(9339):1083-8. (PMID: 12384003)
J Interpers Violence. 2023 Feb;38(3-4):3831-3863. (PMID: 36226415)
Lancet Glob Health. 2015 Jun;3(6):e332-40. (PMID: 26001577)
J Trauma Stress. 2021 Oct;34(5):1016-1026. (PMID: 34647647)
PLoS One. 2015 Aug 28;10(8):e0136588. (PMID: 26317970)
Int J Family Med. 2013;2013:313909. (PMID: 23431441)
Women Health. 2019 Jul;59(6):672-686. (PMID: 30543494)
Reprod Health. 2015 Aug 29;12:78. (PMID: 26319026)
J Trauma Dissociation. 2016 May-Jun;17(3):267-85. (PMID: 26274868)
Violence Against Women. 2021 Feb;27(2):108-123. (PMID: 31662096)
J Family Med Prim Care. 2019 Jul;8(7):2522-2527. (PMID: 31463288)
PLoS One. 2019 Feb 13;14(2):e0212038. (PMID: 30759174)
Glob Soc Welf. 2018 Jun;5(2):71-81. (PMID: 30364672)
J Affect Disord. 2017 Aug 15;218:238-245. (PMID: 28477502)
J Interpers Violence. 2020 Oct;35(19-20):4083-4116. (PMID: 29294780)
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Aug;36(15-16):7776-7801. (PMID: 30913962)
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 12;18(8):. (PMID: 33921264)
Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2018 Jun 1;44(2):51-61. (PMID: 30321136)
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Apr;36(7-8):3459-3481. (PMID: 29779458)
Workplace Health Saf. 2016 Oct;64(10):469-478. (PMID: 27194558)
J Community Psychol. 2022 Aug;50(6):2659-2681. (PMID: 34921735)
BMC Womens Health. 2014 Oct 16;14:127. (PMID: 25319589)
Psychol Health Med. 2017 Aug;22(7):845-850. (PMID: 27973916)
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 15;19(6):. (PMID: 35329134)
J Interpers Violence. 2022 Jan;37(1-2):NP594-NP619. (PMID: 32389054)
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2015 Jul;16(3):299-315. (PMID: 24626459)
BMC Womens Health. 2013 Jun 26;13:28. (PMID: 23799992)
Bull World Health Organ. 2014 May 1;92(5):380-1. (PMID: 24839328)
PLoS Med. 2020 Aug 18;17(8):e1003131. (PMID: 32810147)
PLoS One. 2016 Nov 28;11(11):e0167438. (PMID: 27893861)
J Glob Health. 2019 Jun;9(1):010412. (PMID: 30774941)
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Nov;36(21-22):10686-10704. (PMID: 31718407)
Science. 2013 Jun 28;340(6140):1527-8. (PMID: 23788730)
Int J Epidemiol. 2017 Apr 1;46(2):662-675. (PMID: 27733435)
J Elder Abuse Negl. 2015;27(4-5):303-27. (PMID: 26362024)
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2022 Jan;31(1):13-22. (PMID: 34747659)
J Interpers Violence. 2022 Jan;37(1-2):301-321. (PMID: 32167400)
BMC Public Health. 2013 Jun 10;13:566. (PMID: 23759123)
BMC Public Health. 2015 Nov 23;15:1165. (PMID: 26597715)
BMJ Open. 2014 Feb 14;4(2):e004242. (PMID: 24531451)
BMC Womens Health. 2021 Apr 13;21(1):149. (PMID: 33849492)
J Interpers Violence. 2009 Aug;24(8):1371-97. (PMID: 18718881)
Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2015;42(2):212-9. (PMID: 26054122)
Lancet. 2015 Apr 18;385(9977):1567-79. (PMID: 25467583)
Public Health Nurs. 2021 Nov;38(6):953-962. (PMID: 34245188)
J Fam Violence. 2014 Oct 1;29(7):693-702. (PMID: 25313269)
PLoS One. 2020 Sep 24;15(9):e0239560. (PMID: 32970746)
BMC Womens Health. 2011 Nov 23;11:52. (PMID: 22112243)
Epidemiology. 2010 Nov;21(6):809-18. (PMID: 20811285)
J Fam Psychol. 2003 Sep;17(3):288-301. (PMID: 14562454)
Addict Behav. 2013 Jul;38(7):2325-32. (PMID: 23584194)
BMJ Open. 2021 Oct 28;11(10):e046829. (PMID: 34711590)
Metab Brain Dis. 2014 Jun;29(2):281-99. (PMID: 24729207)
Trials. 2012 Jun 29;13:96. (PMID: 22747846)
BMJ Glob Health. 2020 Jan 26;5(1):e002208. (PMID: 32133178)
J Interpers Violence. 2010 Jul;25(7):1224-41. (PMID: 19758975)
Popul Dev Rev. 2018 Mar;44(1):63-85. (PMID: 29662254)
J Interpers Violence. 2022 Mar;37(5-6):2083-2101. (PMID: 32627662)
Indian J Psychol Med. 2018 Nov-Dec;40(6):540-546. (PMID: 30533950)
Soc Sci Med. 2011 Jul;73(1):79-86. (PMID: 21676510)
Women Health. 2014;54(4):281-300. (PMID: 24617959)
AIDS. 2013 May 15;27(8):1331-8. (PMID: 23925380)
Pan Afr Med J. 2020 Aug 25;36:345. (PMID: 33224411)
J Interpers Violence. 2012 Mar;27(5):862-80. (PMID: 21987516)
Arch Public Health. 2018 Jan 29;76:5. (PMID: 29423218)
Paediatr Child Health. 2013 Oct;18(8):419-22. (PMID: 24426794)
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Jun;36(11-12):5297-5317. (PMID: 30311515)
Int J Womens Health. 2011 Mar 16;3:105-15. (PMID: 21573146)
Glob Health Action. 2010 Feb 25;3:. (PMID: 20200660)
Public Health Rep. 2006 Jul-Aug;121(4):382-92. (PMID: 16827439)
Child Abuse Negl. 2012 Feb;36(2):166-79. (PMID: 22280846)
J Interpers Violence. 2018 Jul;33(14):2241-2267. (PMID: 26802047)

Date Created: 20231108 Date Completed: 20231110 Latest Revision: 20231129

20240628

PMC10631698

10.1371/journal.pone.0293295

37939106