Complexation of histone deacetylase inhibitor belinostat to Cu(II) prevents premature metabolic inactivation in vitro and demonstrates potent anti-cancer activity in vitro and ex vivo in colon cancer.

Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 101552938 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2211-3436 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 22113428 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Cell Oncol (Dordr) Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Dordrecht : Springer

Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors*/pharmacology ; Colonic Neoplasms*/drug therapy ; Colonic Neoplasms*/pathology ; Colonic Neoplasms*/metabolism ; Colonic Neoplasms*/genetics ; Hydroxamic Acids*/pharmacology ; Hydroxamic Acids*/therapeutic use ; Apoptosis*/drug effects ; Antineoplastic Agents*/pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents*/therapeutic use ; Sulfonamides*/pharmacology ; Copper*/chemistry ; Cell Proliferation*/drug effects; Humans ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Microsomes, Liver/metabolism ; Microsomes, Liver/drug effects ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects ; Organoids/drug effects ; Organoids/metabolism

Purpose: The histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), belinostat, has had limited therapeutic impact in solid tumors, such as colon cancer, due to its poor metabolic stability. Here we evaluated a novel belinostat prodrug, copper-bis-belinostat (Cubisbel), in vitro and ex vivo, designed to overcome the pharmacokinetic challenges of belinostat.
Methods: The in vitro metabolism of each HDACi was evaluated in human liver microsomes (HLMs) using mass spectrometry. Next, the effect of belinostat and Cubisbel on cell growth, HDAC activity, apoptosis and cell cycle was assessed in three colon cancer cell lines. Gene expression alterations induced by both HDACis were determined using RNA-Seq, followed by in silico analysis to identify master regulators (MRs) of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The effect of both HDACis on the viability of colon cancer patient-derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) was also examined.
Results: Belinostat and Cubisbel significantly reduced colon cancer cell growth mediated through HDAC inhibition and apoptosis induction. Interestingly, the in vitro half-life of Cubisbel was significantly longer than belinostat. Belinostat and its Cu derivative commonly dysregulated numerous signalling and metabolic pathways while genes downregulated by Cubisbel were potentially controlled by VEGFA, ERBB2 and DUSP2 MRs. Treatment of colon cancer PDTOs with the HDACis resulted in a significant reduction in cell viability and downregulation of stem cell and proliferation markers.
Conclusions: Complexation of belinostat to Cu(II) does not alter the HDAC activity of belinostat, but instead significantly enhances its metabolic stability in vitro and targets anti-cancer pathways by perturbing key MRs in colon cancer. Complexation of HDACis to a metal ion might improve the efficacy of clinically used HDACis in patients with colon cancer.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)

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18/SIRG/5655 Ireland SFI_ Science Foundation Ireland; 11/RFP.1/CHS/3095 Ireland SFI_ Science Foundation Ireland; 18/SIRG/5655 Ireland SFI_ Science Foundation Ireland

Keywords: Colon Cancer; Copper Complex; Epigenetic; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor; Organoids

0 (Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors)
F4H96P17NZ (belinostat)
0 (Hydroxamic Acids)
0 (Antineoplastic Agents)
0 (Sulfonamides)
789U1901C5 (Copper)

Date Created: 20231107 Date Completed: 20240513 Latest Revision: 20240516

20240516

PMC11090832

10.1007/s13402-023-00882-x

37934338