Serum Iodine as a Potential Individual Iodine Status Biomarker: A Cohort Study of Mild Iodine Deficient Pregnant Women in China.

Publisher: MDPI Publishing Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101521595 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6643 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726643 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nutrients Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI Publishing

Iodine* ; Malnutrition*; Pregnancy ; Child ; Humans ; Female ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Pregnant Women ; Cohort Studies ; China/epidemiology ; Biomarkers

Iodine deficiency during pregnancy is a widespread public health concern, but indicators and methods for assessing iodine nutritional status are lacking. Serum iodine concentration (SIC) is an important iodine metabolism biomarker and can, to some extent, predict the risk of thyroid diseases, making it a potential biomarker for assessing individual iodine nutrition levels. Our study aimed to analyze the relationship between SIC and thyroid function in a cohort of mild iodine deficient pregnant women in China in order to explore the potential of SIC as a biomarker of individual iodine status in pregnancy. A total of 1540 early pregnant women (gestation < 10 weeks) aged 18 to 45 years old were included in the final study from a Zhejiang multicenter population-based mother and child cohort. Repeated measures of SIC, urinary iodine concentration (UIC), and thyroid function were taken at approximately 10, 17, and 32 weeks of gestation. The SIC was statistically correlated with all thyroid function indexes in the first trimester, and a very strong positive correlation with FT4 over three trimesters (r = 0.449, 0.550, and 0.544, respectively). Pregnant women with an SIC < 72.4 µg/L were at a higher risk of hypothyroxinemia (adjusted OR = 8.911, 95% CI = 5.141-15.447) and iodine deficiency (adjusted OR = 1.244, 95% CI = 1.031-1.502), while those with an SIC > 93.9 µg/L were at a higher risk of thyrotoxicosis (adjusted OR = 11.064, 95% CI = 6.324-19.357) and excessive iodine (adjusted OR = 11.064, 95% CI = 6.324-19.357). In contrast, the UIC was not correlated with thyroid diseases ( p > 0.05). These findings indicate that the SIC is a potential biomarker for assessing individual iodine nutrition and thyroid dysfunction in pregnant women.

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2020KY515 Zhejiang Provincial Project for Medical Research and Health Sciences; GF20H240001 Zhejiang Provincial Project for Fundamental Research on Public Welfare; TGY23H240001 Zhejiang Provincial Project for Fundamental Research on Public Welfare

Keywords: individual iodine status; pregnant women; serum iodine; thyroid diseases; thyroid function; urinary iodine

9679TC07X4 (Iodine)
0 (Biomarkers)

Date Created: 20230826 Date Completed: 20230828 Latest Revision: 20230829

20230830

PMC10460065

10.3390/nu15163555

37630745