Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) and Pulmonary Involvement in COVID-19 Pneumonia.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101596414 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2218-273X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 2218273X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Biomolecules Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, 2011-

Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1* ; COVID-19*; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1

Background: The aim of the study was to longitudinally evaluate the association between MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and chest radiological findings in COVID-19 patients. Methods: COVID-19 patients were evaluated based on their hospital admission (baseline) and three months after hospital discharge (T post) and were stratified into ARDS and non-ARDS groups. As a control group, healthy donors (HD) were enrolled. Results: At the baseline, compared to HD (n = 53), COVID-19 patients (n = 129) showed higher plasma levels of MMP-9 ( p < 0.0001) and TIMP-1 ( p < 0.0001) and the higher plasma activity of MMP-2 ( p < 0.0001) and MMP-9 ( p < 0.0001). In the ARDS group, higher plasma levels of MMP-9 ( p = 0.0339) and TIMP-1 ( p = 0.0044) and the plasma activity of MMP-2 ( p = 0.0258) and MMP-9 ( p = 0.0021) compared to non-ARDS was observed. A positive correlation between the plasma levels of TIMP-1 and chest computed tomography (CT) score (ρ = 0.2302, p = 0.0160) was observed. At the T post, a reduction in plasma levels of TIMP-1 ( p < 0.0001), whereas an increase in the plasma levels of MMP-9 was observed ( p = 0.0088). Conclusions: The positive correlation between TIMP-1 with chest CT scores highlights its potential use as a marker of fibrotic burden. At T post, the increase in plasma levels of MMP-9 and the reduction in plasma levels of TIMP-1 suggested that inflammation and fibrosis resolution were still ongoing.

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Keywords: ELISA; MMP-2; MMP-9; PASC; computed tomography; matrix metalloproteinases; post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection; pulmonary fibrosis; sCD14; sCD163; zymography

0 (Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1)
EC 3.4.24.35 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 9)
EC 3.4.24.24 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 2)
127497-59-0 (Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2)
EC 3.4.24.7 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 1)

Date Created: 20230729 Date Completed: 20230731 Latest Revision: 20230801

20231215

PMC10377146

10.3390/biom13071040

37509076