Arsenic level in drinking water, its correlation with water quality parameters, and associated health risks.

Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 8508350 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-2959 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01676369 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Monit Assess Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: 1998- : Dordrecht : Springer
Original Publication: Dordrecht, Holland ; Boston : D. Reidel Pub. Co., c1981-

Drinking Water* ; Arsenic*; Humans ; Water Quality ; Environmental Monitoring ; Cadmium

This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and likelihood of health risks related to arsenic in drinking water of all counties of the Hamadan province in the northwest of Iran. In this work, 370 samples were collected from all of the water resources of urban and rural regions, during 5 years (2017 to 2021). Oracle Crystal Ball software was used to perform the Monte Carlo simulation and investigate the potential health risks. According to the results, the average values of arsenic in the nine counties were in the order Kabudarahang (40.1 ppb), Malayer (13.1 ppb), Nahavand (6.1 ppb), Bahar (2.05 ppb), Famenin (0.41 ppb), Asadabad (0.36 ppb), Tuyserkan (0.28 ppb), Razan (0.14 ppb), and Hamadan (< 0.1 ppb). The highest concentration of arsenic occurred in Kabudarahang with a maximum value of 185 ppb. In the spring season, the average concentration of the cations, including calcium, magnesium, sodium, lead, cadmium, and chromium, obtained 109.51 mg/l, 44.67 mg/l, 20.50 mg/l, 88.76 ppb, 0.31 ppb, and 0.02 ppb, respectively. Based on the Delphi classification, the P 90% of oral lifetime cancer risk, in Hamadan province, were within level II (low risk) to VII (extremely high risk). The risk analysis revealed there was a possible carcinogenic risk to humans from oral exposure to As-contaminated groundwater, especially in Kabudarahang county. Therefore, there is an urgent need for management and precise measures in contaminated areas to reduce and prevent the adverse health effects of arsenic.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)

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140009308067 Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; 140009308067 Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; 140009308067 Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; 140009308067 Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences; 140009308067 Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences

Keywords: Arsenic; GIS; Iran; Lifetime cancer risk

0 (Drinking Water)
N712M78A8G (Arsenic)
00BH33GNGH (Cadmium)

Date Created: 20230628 Date Completed: 20230630 Latest Revision: 20230630

20230630

10.1007/s10661-023-11486-1

37380884