Immunoexpression of neuropilin-1 in the chorionic villi of HIV-infected preeclamptic South African women of African ancestry.

Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 9506663 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-119X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09486143 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Histochem Cell Biol Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Berlin : Springer,

HIV Infections*/drug therapy ; HIV Infections*/complications ; Pre-Eclampsia*; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Chorionic Villi ; Neuropilin-1 ; Placenta ; South Africa ; Trophoblasts

Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is an essential regulator of maternal immune tolerance, placentation, and angiogenesis. Its dysregulation in preeclampsia (PE) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection implicates NRP-1 in disease susceptibility and progression. Therefore, this study investigates placental NRP-1 immunoexpression in HIV-complicated preeclamptic pregnancies in South African women of African ancestry receiving antiretroviral therapy. Immunohistochemistry of recombinant anti-neuropilin-1 antibody was performed on placental tissue from 30 normotensive and 60 early onset (EOPE) and late-onset (LOPE) preeclamptic women stratified by HIV status. Qualitative analysis of NRP-1 immunostaining within the chorionic villi revealed a predominant localization in trophoblasts and syncytial knots as well as endothelial, fibroblast-like, and Hofbauer cells. Following morphometric evaluation, we report that PE and HIV infection and/or antiretroviral usage independently downregulate placental NRP-1 immunoexpression; however, as a comorbidity, this decline is further augmented within the conducting and exchange villi. Furthermore, reduced immunoexpression of NRP-1 in EOPE compared with LOPE villi may be due to maternal-fetal maladaptation. It is plausible that the decreased NRP-1 immunoexpression in PE placentae facilitates syncytiotrophoblast apoptosis and subsequent deportation of NRP-1 into the maternal circulation, contributing to the anti-angiogenic milieu of PE. We hypothesize that the intense NRP-1 immunoreactivity observed in Hofbauer cells at the maternal-fetal interface may contribute to the natural prevention mechanism of HIV vertical transmission.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

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133660 National Research Foundation; 130992 National Research Foundation

Keywords: Antiretroviral therapy; Human immunodeficiency virus; Neuropilin-1; Placenta; Preeclampsia; Pregnancy

0 (eosinylphosphatidylethanolamine)
144713-63-3 (Neuropilin-1)
0 (NRP1 protein, human)

Date Created: 20230611 Date Completed: 20230921 Latest Revision: 20230922

20240829

PMC10257896

10.1007/s00418-023-02213-5

37302087