Evaluation of groundwater quality with microbiological and physicochemical parameters in Bartın, Turkey.

Publisher: Springer Country of Publication: Netherlands NLM ID: 8508350 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1573-2959 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 01676369 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Monit Assess Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: 1998- : Dordrecht : Springer
Original Publication: Dordrecht, Holland ; Boston : D. Reidel Pub. Co., c1981-

Drinking Water*/analysis ; Groundwater*/analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical*/analysis; Water Quality ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Turkey ; Escherichia coli

In this study, the physicochemical and microbiological quality of groundwater samples was investigated in rainy and dry periods. Forty samples were collected from 10 sampling points. TDS, EC, color, turbidity, NO 3 , SO 4 , PO 4 , Cl, total hardness, E. coli, and F. streptococci analyses were performed. Cl, TH, and NO 3 were higher in the rainy period unlike TDS, EC, SO 4 , and PO 4 . Physicochemical parameters did not exceed the acceptable values reported for drinking waters in TS/WHO. However, groundwater samples were not suitable for drinking water in terms of microbiological parameters. Both bacteria were found in higher numbers in the dry period. However, E. coli was more abundant in the dry period in contrast to F. streptococci. According to the nitrate/Cl ratio and other analyses (correlation matrix and principal component analysis) groundwater quality was affected by many sources. The results of analytic and statistical analyzes showed that F. streptococci is mostly related to animal waste unlike E. coli. According to the EC/FS ratio, microbiological pollution in rural areas was affected by animal wastes in both periods. On the other hand, animal waste in the urban areas may be effective during the rainy period. PCA and correlation matrix also confirmed these results. According to PCA results, groundwater quality may be affected by geogenic sources, fecal sources, and use of fertilizer in the study area. According to WQI, 5% and 16% of the groundwater samples were not found suitable as drinking water in dry and rainy periods, respectively.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)

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Keywords: Groundwater quality; Microbiological contamination; Principal component analysis; Water chemistry; Water quality index

0 (Drinking Water)
0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)

Date Created: 20230609 Date Completed: 20230612 Latest Revision: 20230612

20250114

10.1007/s10661-023-11323-5

37294361