How can we use proteomics to learn more about platelets?

Publisher: Informa Healthcare Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 9208117 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1369-1635 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09537104 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Platelets Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: London : Informa Healthcare
Original Publication: Edinburgh ; New York : Churchill Livingstone, c1990-

Blood Platelets*/metabolism ; Proteomics*/methods; Humans ; Phenotype ; Proteome/metabolism

Proteomics tools provide a powerful means to identify, detect, and quantify protein-related details in studies of platelet phenotype and function. Here, we consider how historical and recent advances in proteomics approaches have informed our understanding of platelet biology, and, how proteomics tools can be used going forward to advance studies of platelets. It is now apparent that the platelet proteome is comprised of thousands of different proteins, where specific changes in platelet protein systems can accompany alterations in platelet function in health and disease. Going forward, many challenges remain in how to best carry out, validate and interpret platelet proteomics experiments. Future studies of platelet protein post-translational modifications such as glycosylation, or studies that take advantage of single cell proteomics and top-down proteomics methods all represent areas of interest to profiling and more richly understanding platelets in human wellness and disease.

R01 HL146549 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS

Keywords: Mass spectrometry; platelets; preanalytical variables; proteomics; systems biology
Local Abstract: [plain-language-summary] What is the context? Platelets are well known as cellular mediators of hemostasis and drivers of thrombosis and inflammation. Thousands of different proteins come together to make up the molecular structure of platelets and support their functions in health and disease. What is new? “Proteomics” refers to laboratory approaches that study many proteins simultaneously to provide details on proteomes and the biology of a given system of interest. Many different high-throughput biochemical methods can be considered as proteomics, including mass spectrometry analysis. What is the impact? Proteomics has already identified more than 5,000 individual proteins in human platelets and provided important insights into how platelets may serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in human health and disease. In coming years, advances in proteomics technologies will likely help to characterize additional proteins and molecular systems in platelets to shed light on platelet-mediated mechanisms of physiology and pathology that have been largely unapproachable with other methods.

0 (Proteome)

Date Created: 20230529 Date Completed: 20230530 Latest Revision: 20230601

20231215

10.1080/09537104.2023.2217932

37246523