Prevalence of G6PD deficiency and diagnostic accuracy of a G6PD point-of-care test among a population at risk of malaria in Myanmar.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101139802 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1475-2875 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14752875 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Malar J Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2002-

Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency*/epidemiology ; Malaria*/epidemiology ; Malaria, Vivax*/genetics; Male ; Humans ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase/genetics ; Primaquine ; Prevalence ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Myanmar ; Genotype ; Risk Factors ; Point-of-Care Testing

Background: Over the past decade, the incidence of malaria has steadily declined in Myanmar, with Plasmodium vivax becoming predominant. The resilience of P. vivax to malaria control is attributed to the parasite's ability to form hypnozoites in the host's liver, which can cause relapse. Primaquine is used to eliminate hypnozoites but can cause haemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient individuals. It is thus necessary to estimate the frequency and variant types of G6PD deficiency in areas where primaquine will be widely used for P. vivax elimination.
Methods: In this study, a descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in a population residing in Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar, using a standard spectrophotometric assay, a rapid diagnostic test (RDT), Biosensor, and by genotyping G6PD variants.
Results: G6PD enzyme activity was determined from 772 leukocyte-depleted samples, with an adjusted male median G6PD activity value of 6.3 U/g haemoglobin. Using a cut-off value of 30% enzyme activity, the overall prevalence of G6PD deficiency was 10.8%. Genotyping of G6PD variants was performed for 536 samples, of which 131 contained mutations. The Mahidol variant comprised the majority, and males with the Mahidol variant showed lower G6PD enzyme activity. The G6PD Andalus variant, which has not been reported in Myanmar before, was also identified in this study.
Conclusion: This study provides a G6PD enzyme activity reference value for the Myanmar population and further information on the prevalence and variants of G6PD deficiency among the Myanmar population; it also evaluates the feasibility of G6PD deficiency tests.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)

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D43 TW006571 United States TW FIC NIH HHS; U19 AI089672 United States AI NIAID NIH HHS; U19AI089672 United States NH NIH HHS

Keywords: Diagnosis; G6PD deficiency; G6PD variant; Malaria; Myanmar; Prevalence

EC 1.1.1.49 (Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase)
MVR3634GX1 (Primaquine)

Date Created: 20230501 Date Completed: 20230503 Latest Revision: 20240701

20240701

PMC10150473

10.1186/s12936-023-04559-6

37127600