Pioglitazone use increases risk of Alzheimer's disease in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving insulin.

Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : Nature Publishing Group, copyright 2011-

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*/drug therapy ; Alzheimer Disease*/drug therapy ; Thiazolidinediones*/therapeutic use ; Metformin*/therapeutic use; Humans ; Pioglitazone/therapeutic use ; Insulin/therapeutic use ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use

Pioglitazone is an insulin resistance inhibitor widely used as monotherapy or combined with metformin or insulin in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study further investigated the relationship between pioglitazone use and the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) in patients newly diagnosed with T2DM, and examined the potential impact of insulin use on this association. Data were extracted from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. Our data exhibited that the risk of developing AD in the pioglitazone group was 1.584-fold (aHR = 1.584, 95% CI 1.203-1.967, p < 0.05) higher than that in the non-pioglitazone controls. Compared to patients without both insulin and pioglitazone, higher cumulative risk of developing AD was found in patients receiving both insulin and pioglitazone (aHR = 2.004, 95% CI = 1.702-2.498), pioglitazone alone (aHR = 1.596, 95% CI = 1.398-1.803), and insulin alone (aHR = 1.365, 95% CI = 1.125-1.572), respectively (all p < 0.05). A similar observation also found in the evaluation the use of diabetic drugs with a cumulative defined daily dose (cDDD). No interaction between pioglitazone and major risk factors (comorbidities) of AD was observed. In conclusion, alternative drug therapies may be an effective strategy for reducing risk of developing AD in T2DM patients.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)

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X4OV71U42S (Pioglitazone)
0 (Insulin)
0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
0 (Thiazolidinediones)
9100L32L2N (Metformin)

Date Created: 20230424 Date Completed: 20230426 Latest Revision: 20230510

20240628

PMC10126143

10.1038/s41598-023-33674-2

37095270