Pharmaceutical Transformation Products Formed by Ozonation-Does Degradation Occur?

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 100964009 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1420-3049 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14203049 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Molecules Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, c1995-

Water Pollutants, Chemical*/chemistry ; Ozone*/chemistry ; Water Purification*; Oxidation-Reduction ; Water ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

The efficiency of an advanced oxidation process (AOP) using direct and indirect ozonation for the removal of pharmaceutical residues from deliberately spiked deionized water was examined. Both direct and indirect ozonation demonstrated 34% to 100% removal of the parent compounds. However, based on the products' chemical structure and toxicity, we suggest that despite using accepted and affordable ozone and radical concentrations, the six parent compounds were not fully degraded, but merely transformed into 25 new intermediate products. The transformation products (TPs) differed slightly in structure but were mostly similar to their parent compounds in their persistence, stability and toxicity; a few of the TPs were found to be even more toxic than their parent compounds. Therefore, an additional treatment is required to improve and upgrade the traditional AOP toward degradation and removal of both parent compounds and their TPs for safer release into the environment.

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Keywords: degradation; ozonation; persistent compound; pharmaceutical; transformation product

0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
66H7ZZK23N (Ozone)
059QF0KO0R (Water)
0 (Pharmaceutical Preparations)

Date Created: 20230211 Date Completed: 20230214 Latest Revision: 20230214

20231215

PMC9919501

10.3390/molecules28031227

36770894