Lexical access speed and the development of phonological recoding during immediate serial recall.

Publisher: Routledge Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 100900815 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Print ISSN: 1524-8372 (Print) Linking ISSN: 15248372 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Cogn Dev Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE

Publication: <2007-> : London, UK : Routledge
Original Publication: Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, c2000-

A recent Registered Replication Report (RRR) of the development of verbal rehearsal during serial recall (Elliott et al., 2021) revealed that children verbalized at younger ages than previously thought (Flavell et al., 1966), but did not identify sources of individual differences. Here we use mediation analysis to reanalyze data from the 934 children ranging from 5 to 10 years old from the RRR for that purpose. From ages 5 to 7, the time taken for a child to label pictures (i.e. isolated naming speed) predicted the child's spontaneous use of labels during a visually-presented serial reconstruction task, despite no need for spoken responses. For 6- and 7-year-olds, isolated naming speed also predicted recall. The degree to which verbalization mediated the relation between isolated naming speed and recall changed across development. All relations dissipated by age 10. The same general pattern was observed in an exploratory analysis of delayed recall for which greater demands are placed on rehearsal for item maintenance. Overall, our findings suggest that spontaneous phonological recoding during a standard short-term memory task emerges around age 5, increases in efficiency during the early elementary school years, and is sufficiently automatic by age 10 to support immediate serial recall in most children. Moreover, the findings highlight the need to distinguish between phonological recoding and rehearsal in developmental studies of short-term memory.

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P20 GM109023 United States GM NIGMS NIH HHS

Keywords: extension; immediate serial recall; isolated naming speed; multilab replication; phonological recoding; rehearsal

Date Created: 20230116 Latest Revision: 20230918

20250114

PMC9838741

10.1080/15248372.2022.2083140

36642993