Co-Occurrence of Hypoglycin A and Hypoglycin B in Sycamore and Box Elder Maple Proved by LC-MS/MS and LC-HR-MS.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101530765 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6651 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726651 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Toxins (Basel) Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel : MDPI

Acer*/chemistry ; Horse Diseases* ; Hypoglycins*/analysis ; Hypoglycins*/toxicity; Animals ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Dipeptides ; Horses ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods

Hypoglycin A (HGA) and methylenecyclpropylglycine (MCPrG) are formed by some maple trees ( Acer species) and have been associated with incidences of atypical myopathy among horses in pastures. In this work, a simple and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method without derivatization was developed for the quantification of HGA and MCPrG in maple samples and validated according to EU guidelines. The LOQ presented here for HGA (16.4 µg/kg) is considerably lower than the lowest published LOQ (500 µg/kg). This method confirms that sycamore and box elder maple contain considerable amounts of HGA and MCPrG. In addition, the presence of the dipeptides hypoglycin B and γ-glutamyl-MCPrG in these two maple species is shown using high-resolution MS. This is the first report on the presence of these dipeptides in maple since 1973. The presence of HGB and γ-glutamyl-MCPrG could change the way we understand animal intoxication following the ingestion of maple.

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Keywords: Acer negundo; Acer pseudoplatanus; HRMS; atypical myopathy; in silico fragmentation; mzLogic; structure elucidation

0 (Dipeptides)
0 (Hypoglycins)
156-56-9 (hypoglycin)

Date Created: 20220922 Date Completed: 20220926 Latest Revision: 20240904

20240904

PMC9504185

10.3390/toxins14090608

36136546