Dietary fructose and high salt in young male Sprague Dawley rats induces salt-sensitive changes in renal function in later life.

Publisher: published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Physiological Society and The Physiological Society Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101607800 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2051-817X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 2051817X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Physiol Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: [Malden MA] : published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Physiological Society and The Physiological Society, 2013-

Fructose*/adverse effects ; Hypertension*/chemically induced; Albuminuria/chemically induced ; Animals ; Child ; Diet ; Glucose ; Humans ; Infant ; Kidney/physiology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary/adverse effects

Dietary fructose and salt are associated with hypertension and renal disease. Dietary input during critical postnatal periods may impact pathophysiology in maturity. The highest consumption of fructose occurs during adolescence. We hypothesized that a diet high in fructose with or without high salt in young male Sprague Dawley rats will lead to salt-sensitive hypertension, albuminuria, and decreased renal function in maturity. Four groups were studied from age 5 weeks: 20% glucose + 0.4% salt (GCS-GCS) or 20% fructose + 4% salt throughout (FHS-FHS). Two groups received 20% fructose + 0.4% salt or 20% fructose + 4% salt for 3 weeks (Phase I) followed by 20% glucose + 0.4% salt (Phase II). In Phase III (age 13-15 weeks), these two groups were challenged with 20% glucose + 4% salt, (FCS-GHS) and (FHS-GHS), respectively. Each group fed fructose in Phase I exhibited significantly higher MAP than GCS-GCS in Phase III. Net sodium balance, unadjusted, or adjusted for caloric intake and urine flow rate, and cumulative sodium balance were positive in FHS during Phase I and were significantly higher in FCS-GHS, FHS-GHS, and FHS-FHS vs GCS-GCS during Phase III. All three groups fed fructose during Phase I displayed significantly elevated albuminuria. GFR was significantly lower in FHS-FHS vs GCS-GCS at maturity. Qualitative histology showed mesangial expansion and hypercellularity in FHS-FHS rats. Thus, fructose ingestion during a critical period in rats, analogous to human preadolescence and adolescence, results in salt-sensitive hypertension and albuminuria in maturity. Prolonged dietary fructose and salt ingestion lead to a decline in renal function with evidence suggestive of mesangial hypercellularity.
(© 2022 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.)

Erratum in: Physiol Rep. 2023 Mar;11(6):e15647. (PMID: 36945832)

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I01 RX000851 United States RX RRD VA; R01 HL163844 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS; T32 HL120822 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS; HL 163844 United States HL NHLBI NIH HHS

Keywords: critical development period; fructose; glomerular filtration rate; salt sensitive blood pressure

0 (Sodium Chloride, Dietary)
30237-26-4 (Fructose)
9NEZ333N27 (Sodium)
IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)

Date Created: 20220919 Date Completed: 20220920 Latest Revision: 20231106

20240628

PMC9483717

10.14814/phy2.15456

36117446