The Effects of the Harmful Algal Bloom Species Karenia brevis on Survival of Red Porgy ( Pagrus pagrus ) Larvae.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101530765 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6651 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726651 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Toxins (Basel) Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel : MDPI

Dinoflagellida* ; Oxocins*/toxicity ; Perciformes*; Animals ; Florida ; Harmful Algal Bloom ; Larva

The harmful algal bloom species, Karenia brevis , forms annual, often intense blooms in the Gulf of Mexico, particularly along the west Florida shelf. Though the ability of K. brevis blooms to cause mass mortalities in juvenile fish are well documented, the direct effect of bloom concentrations on larval fish has not been studied extensively. To better understand the potential effect of K. brevis on larval fish survival, laboratory spawned red porgy ( Pagrus pagrus ) larvae from 4-26 days post-hatch were exposed to concentrations of K. brevis observed in the field for either 24 or 48 h. This species is representative of fish which spawn in regions of the Gulf of Mexico and whose larvae are epipelagic and may encounter K. brevis blooms. In this study, three different K. brevis strains varying in the amount of brevetoxin produced were tested. Larval survivorship was found to be inversely proportional to the amount of brevetoxin produced by each strain. The EC 50 value from the combined 24 h experiments was ~163,000 K. brevis cells L ^{- 1} , which corresponds to cell concentrations found in moderately dense blooms. Larval mortality also increased substantially in the 48 h versus 24 h exposure treatments. These findings indicate K. brevis blooms have the potential to contribute to natural mortality of fish larvae and further reduce inter-annual recruitment of fishery species whose stocks in the Gulf of Mexico may already be depleted.

Aquat Toxicol. 2018 Sep;202:153-162. (PMID: 30031906)
PLoS One. 2022 Jan 5;17(1):e0260755. (PMID: 34986155)
Harmful Algae. 2010 Feb 1;9(2):186-189. (PMID: 20161504)
Environ Lett. 1975;9(2):141-52. (PMID: 1239373)
Toxins (Basel). 2022 May 14;14(5):. (PMID: 35622588)
Toxicon. 2015 Jun 1;99:6-15. (PMID: 25771241)
PLoS One. 2015 Jul 21;10(7):e0133549. (PMID: 26197230)
Environ Health Perspect. 2005 May;113(5):618-20. (PMID: 15866773)
Sci Rep. 2021 Feb 19;11(1):4282. (PMID: 33608577)
Toxins (Basel). 2021 May 14;13(5):. (PMID: 34069292)
Toxicon. 2010 Feb-Mar;55(2-3):195-203. (PMID: 19631681)
Environ Health Perspect. 2005 May;113(5):621-5. (PMID: 15866774)
J Chem Ecol. 2009 Jul;35(7):851-9. (PMID: 19590925)
J Phycol. 2012 Aug;48(4):844-58. (PMID: 27008996)
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Jan 22;11(2):. (PMID: 35204089)
PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58545. (PMID: 23554901)
Mol Pharmacol. 1986 Aug;30(2):129-35. (PMID: 2426567)
Aquat Toxicol. 2012 Jan 15;106-107:85-94. (PMID: 22115907)
Chemosphere. 2008 Nov;73(8):1373-7. (PMID: 18845312)
Toxicon. 2007 Apr;49(5):634-45. (PMID: 17182073)
Toxicon. 2006 Jul;48(1):75-84. (PMID: 16814341)
Mar Drugs. 2008;6(3):431-55. (PMID: 19005578)
Harmful Algae. 2022 May;114:102222. (PMID: 35550300)
Environ Lett. 1972;3(4):229-34. (PMID: 5079463)
J Eukaryot Microbiol. 2022 Jan;69(1):e12874. (PMID: 34669235)
Environ Health Perspect. 2005 May;113(5):638-43. (PMID: 15866777)
Aquat Toxicol. 2015 Apr;161:73-84. (PMID: 25678466)
Mar Drugs. 2021 Nov 24;19(12):. (PMID: 34940655)
Harmful Algae. 2011 Jan 1;10(2):138-143. (PMID: 21499552)
Toxicon. 2016 Jan;109:94-102. (PMID: 26647288)
J Plankton Res. 2018 Nov;40(6):667-677. (PMID: 30487659)
Aquat Toxicol. 2014 Oct;155:199-206. (PMID: 25046170)
Environ Health Perspect. 2001 Apr;109(4):377-81. (PMID: 11335186)
Nature. 2005 Jun 9;435(7043):755-6. (PMID: 15944690)

Keywords: Gulf of Mexico; brevetoxins (BTxs); effective concentration sufficient to kill 50% of the larvae (EC50); fish; harmful algal blooms (HABs); recruitment

0 (Oxocins)

Date Created: 20220725 Date Completed: 20220727 Latest Revision: 20220818

20240829

PMC9317425

10.3390/toxins14070439

35878177