Two Monoclonal Antibodies That Specifically Recognize Aspergillus Cell Wall Antigens and Can Detect Circulating Antigens in Infected Mice.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Antibodies, Monoclonal/*immunology ; Antigens, Fungal/*blood ; Aspergillosis/*blood ; Aspergillosis/*immunology ; Aspergillus/*immunology ; Cell Wall/*immunology; Animals ; Antibody Specificity/immunology ; Antigens, Fungal/urine ; Aspergillosis/microbiology ; Aspergillosis/urine ; Epitopes/immunology ; Mice

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a life-threatening disease mainly caused by Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus . Early diagnosis of this condition is crucial for patient treatment and survival. As current diagnostic techniques for IA lack sufficient accuracy, we have raised two monoclonal antibodies (1D2 and 4E4) against A. fumigatus cell wall fragments that may provide a platform for a new diagnostic approach. The immunoreactivity of these antibodies was tested by immunofluorescence and ELISA against various Aspergillus and Candida species in vitro and by immunohistochemistry in A. fumigatus infected mouse tissues. Both monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) showed intensive fluorescence with the hyphae wall of A. fumigatus and A. flavus , but there was no staining with other Aspergillus species or Candida species. Both mAbs also showed strong immunoreactivity to the cell wall of A. fumigatus hyphae in the infected liver, spleen and kidney of mice with IA. The antigens identified by 1D2 and 4E4 might be glycoproteins and the epitopes are most likely a protein or peptide rather than a carbohydrate. An antibody-based antigen capture ELISA detected the extracellular antigens released by A. fumigatus , A. flavus , A. niger and A. terreus , but not in Candida species. The antigen could be detected in the plasma of mice after 48 h of infection by double-sandwich ELISA. In conclusion, both 1D2 and 4E4 mAbs are potentially promising diagnostic tools to investigate invasive aspergillosis.

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University of Otago Vice-Chancellor's Strategic Development Fund; Maurice and Phyllis Paykel Trust; Sandy Smith Scholarship/Grands-in-Aid; University of Otago Doctoral Scholarship

Keywords: Aspergillus antigens; detection assay; invasive aspergillosis; monoclonal antibody

0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal)
0 (Antigens, Fungal)
0 (Epitopes)

Date Created: 20220111 Date Completed: 20220201 Latest Revision: 20220201

20231215

PMC8745570

10.3390/ijms23010252

35008678