نبذة مختصرة : Introduction: Inflammatory cytokines are proposed as modulators for the pathogenesis of anxiety and depression (anxiety/depression), and anxiety/depression are frequently existed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) survivors. However, no published study has explored the association of inflammation cytokines with anxiety/depression in NSCLC survivors.
Objectives: We aimed to evaluate serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels, and their correlations with anxiety/depression in NSCLC survivors.
Methods: Totally, 217 NSCLC survivors and 200 controls were recruited. Then, inflammatory cytokines in serum samples were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Besides, their anxiety/depression status was assessed by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).
Results: HADS-anxiety score, anxiety rate, anxiety severity, HADS-depression score, depression rate, and depression severity were all increased in NSCLC survivors compared with controls (all P < 0.001). Regarding inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-17 levels were higher (all P < 0.01), while IL-6 (P = 0.105) level was of no difference in NSCLC survivors compared with controls. Furthermore, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 were all positively associated with HADS-A score (all P < 0.05), anxiety occurrence (all P < 0.05), HADS-D score (all P < 0.05), and depression occurrence (all P < 0.05) in NSCLC survivors, while the correlation-coefficients were weak. Additionally, multivariate logistic regression analyses disclosed that TNF-α (both P < 0.05) and IL-1β (both P < 0.001) were independently correlated with increased anxiety and depression risks in NSCLC survivors.
Conclusion: Serum TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 are related to increased anxiety and depression risks to some extent in NSCLC survivors.
(© 2021 The Authors. The Clinical Respiratory Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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