Neuroanatomical differences in the memory systems of intellectual giftedness and typical development.

Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101570837 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2162-3279 (Electronic) NLM ISO Abbreviation: Brain Behav Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons

Cognition* ; Intelligence*; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Child ; Humans ; Intelligence Tests ; Memory

Introduction: Studying neuro-structural markers of intellectual giftedness (IG) will inform scientific understanding of the processes helping children excel academically.
Methods: Structural and diffusion-weighted MRI was used to compare regional brain shape and connectivity of 12 children with average to high average IQ and 18 IG children, defined as having IQ greater than 145.
Results: IG had larger subcortical structures and more robust white matter microstructural organization between those structures in regions associated with explicit memory. TD had more connected, larger subcortical structures in regions associated with implicit memory.
Conclusions: It was found that the memory systems within brains of children with exceptional intellectual abilities are differently sized and connected compared to the brains of typically developing children. These different neurodevelopmental trajectories suggest different learning strategies. A spectrum of intelligence types is envisioned, facilitated by different ratios of implicit and explicit system, which was validated using a large external dataset.
(© 2021 The Authors. Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

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Keywords: connectivity; intellectual giftedness; learning strategies; memory systems; neuroanatomy

Date Created: 20211015 Date Completed: 20211210 Latest Revision: 20211214

20231215

PMC8613411

10.1002/brb3.2348

34651457