Exposure to Ambient NO 2 Increases the Risk of Dry Eye Syndrome in Females: An 11-Year Population-Based Study.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101238455 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1660-4601 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16604601 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Environ Res Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel : MDPI, c2004-

Air Pollutants*/analysis ; Air Pollutants*/toxicity ; Air Pollution*/adverse effects ; Air Pollution*/analysis ; Dry Eye Syndromes*/chemically induced ; Dry Eye Syndromes*/epidemiology ; Ozone*/analysis; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Environmental Exposure/analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nitrogen Dioxide/analysis ; Nitrogen Dioxide/toxicity ; Particulate Matter/analysis ; Particulate Matter/toxicity ; Taiwan/epidemiology

Previous studies have indicated that women suffer from dry eye syndrome (DES) more significantly than men. Therefore, we specifically explore the associations between air pollutant levels and the risks of DES for women. The study obtained 27,605 participants from the 29 recruitment centers of the Taiwan Biobank, which was established in October 2012. A large scale cross-sectional study involving DES sufferers and age- and education-matched control groups without DES was designed. Based on the municipality of residence, the predicted concentration levels of various air pollutants, including PM 2.5 , sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), ozone (O 3 ), and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) were estimated by using hybrid kriging/LUR model. Multiple logistic regressions were applied to estimate the prevalence ratios (PR) of DES and 95% confidence interval. Hormone supplementations, DBP, allergies, and arthritis were considered as important comorbidities for increased PR risk of DES. In addition, with each standard deviation (SD) increment of PM 2.5 and temperature, women had significant increases in PRs of DES of 1.09- and 1.07-fold, respectively; conversely, each SD increment of relative humidity (RH) had a protective effect against the risk of DES. After considering hormone supplementation, arthritis, and allergy, the SD increment of NO 2 and temperature were associated with the PRs of DES. In conclusion, significant associations of ambient NO 2 concentration, RH and temperature with DES indicated the importance of increased environmental protection in the female population. Female exposure to high levels of NO 2 when receiving hormone supplementation, or suffering with allergies or arthritis, had significantly increased risk of DES.

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2006 Jul;6(4):299-305. (PMID: 16822382)
J Ophthalmol. 2014;2014:748654. (PMID: 25386359)
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2014 Feb;32(1):127-47. (PMID: 24275172)
Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Sep;114(9):1374-80. (PMID: 16966091)
Epidemiology. 2012 Mar;23(2):332-40. (PMID: 22237295)
Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 2000 Apr;78(2):146-53. (PMID: 10794246)
Ocul Surf. 2018 Jan;16(1):112-119. (PMID: 28939118)
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Jul 08;12(7):7647-55. (PMID: 26184245)
Ophthalmology. 2011 Dec;118(12):2361-7. (PMID: 21889799)
Ocul Surf. 2017 Jan;15(1):112-129. (PMID: 27789276)
Exp Eye Res. 2006 Sep;83(3):526-35. (PMID: 16643899)
Curr Eye Res. 2015 Feb;40(2):162-75. (PMID: 25290221)
Menopause. 2016 Mar;23(3):343-51. (PMID: 26529614)
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2010 Aug;17(4):234-41. (PMID: 20642346)
Ophthalmology. 2008 Nov;115(11):1982-8. (PMID: 18708259)
Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2011 Sep-Oct;74(5):377-81. (PMID: 22184003)
Sci Rep. 2019 Oct 15;9(1):14790. (PMID: 31616001)
Semin Immunopathol. 2012 Jan;34(1):43-62. (PMID: 22037947)
J Transl Med. 2019 Feb 15;17(1):46. (PMID: 30767763)
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Dec 15;645:1456-1464. (PMID: 30248867)
J Clin Med. 2019 Aug 15;8(8):. (PMID: 31443274)
Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 2003 Oct;81(5):491-4. (PMID: 14510797)
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2013 Jul;24(4):348-55. (PMID: 23680756)
JAMA Ophthalmol. 2016 May 1;134(5):503-510. (PMID: 26967354)
JAMA. 2001 Nov 7;286(17):2114-9. (PMID: 11694152)
Am J Ophthalmol. 2003 Aug;136(2):318-26. (PMID: 12888056)
Can J Ophthalmol. 2020 Feb;55(1):3-11. (PMID: 31712035)
Environ Res. 2010 May;110(4):372-4. (PMID: 20338555)
Int J Rheum Dis. 2012 Jun;15(3):284-8. (PMID: 22709490)
Br J Ophthalmol. 2014 Dec;98(12):1712-7. (PMID: 25185440)
Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2003 Jun;31(3):229-32. (PMID: 12786773)
Curr Pharm Des. 2016;22(28):4470-90. (PMID: 27296759)
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Oct 16;15(10):. (PMID: 30332806)
Br J Ophthalmol. 2002 Dec;86(12):1347-51. (PMID: 12446361)
Eye Contact Lens. 2016 Sep;42(5):308-12. (PMID: 26595213)
Cornea. 1998 Jul;17(4):353-8. (PMID: 9676904)
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2015 Mar-Apr;25(2):138-44. (PMID: 24896768)
Environ Pollut. 2019 Mar;246:183-189. (PMID: 30543944)
Ophthalmology. 2003 Jun;110(6):1096-101. (PMID: 12799232)
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 May;46(5):1593-8. (PMID: 15851556)
Arch Ophthalmol. 2000 Sep;118(9):1264-8. (PMID: 10980773)
Arch Ophthalmol. 2009 Jun;127(6):763-8. (PMID: 19506195)
Eye Contact Lens. 2014 Jul;40(4):248-56. (PMID: 25390549)

Keywords: NO2; PM2.5; air pollution; dry eye syndrome; land-use regression model

0 (Air Pollutants)
0 (Particulate Matter)
66H7ZZK23N (Ozone)
S7G510RUBH (Nitrogen Dioxide)

Date Created: 20210702 Date Completed: 20210802 Latest Revision: 20210802

20240829

PMC8296916

10.3390/ijerph18136860

34206755