Molecular Complexes at Euchromatin, Heterochromatin and Centromeric Chromatin.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Centromere/*metabolism ; Euchromatin/*metabolism ; Heterochromatin/*metabolism; Animals ; Centromere/genetics ; Chromatin/genetics ; Chromatin/metabolism ; Epigenesis, Genetic/genetics ; Euchromatin/genetics ; Heterochromatin/genetics ; Humans

Chromatin consists of a complex of DNA and histone proteins as its core components and plays an important role in both packaging DNA and regulating DNA metabolic pathways such as DNA replication, transcription, recombination, and chromosome segregation. Proper functioning of chromatin further involves a network of interactions among molecular complexes that modify chromatin structure and organization to affect the accessibility of DNA to transcription factors leading to the activation or repression of the transcription of target DNA loci. Based on its structure and compaction state, chromatin is categorized into euchromatin, heterochromatin, and centromeric chromatin. In this review, we discuss distinct chromatin factors and molecular complexes that constitute euchromatin-open chromatin structure associated with active transcription; heterochromatin-less accessible chromatin associated with silencing; centromeric chromatin-the site of spindle binding in chromosome segregation.

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Start up funds Emory University

Keywords: CENP-A; H2AZ; compaction; epigenetics; histone modifications; silencing; transcription

0 (Chromatin)
0 (Euchromatin)
0 (Heterochromatin)

Date Created: 20210702 Date Completed: 20210809 Latest Revision: 20240402

20250114

PMC8268097

10.3390/ijms22136922

34203193