Associations between female lung cancer risk and sex steroid hormones: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the worldwide epidemiological evidence on endogenous and exogenous sex steroid hormones.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100967800 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2407 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712407 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Cancer Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001-

Gonadal Steroid Hormones/*blood ; Lung Neoplasms/*epidemiology ; Tobacco Smoking/*epidemiology; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/blood ; Protective Factors ; Risk Assessment/statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors

Background: Published findings suggest sex differences in lung cancer risk and a potential role for sex steroid hormones. Our aim was to perform a meta-analysis to investigate the effects of sex steroid hormone exposure specifically on the risk of lung cancer in women.
Methods: The PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases were searched. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for female lung cancer risk associated with sex steroid hormones were calculated overall and by study design, publication year, population, and smoking status. Sensitivity analysis, publication bias, and subgroup analysis were performed.
Results: Forty-eight studies published between 1987 and 2019 were included in the study with a total of 31,592 female lung cancer cases and 1,416,320 subjects without lung cancer. Overall, higher levels of sex steroid hormones, both endogenous (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87-0.98) and exogenous (OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.80-0.93), significantly decreased the risk of female lung cancer by 10% (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.86-0.95). The risk of lung cancer decreased more significantly with a higher level of sex steroid hormones in non-smoking women (OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.78-0.99) than in smoking women (OR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.77-1.03), especially in Asia women (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.74-0.96).
Conclusions: Our meta-analysis reveals an association between higher levels of sex steroid hormone exposure and the decreased risk of female lung cancer. Surveillance of sex steroid hormones might be used for identifying populations at high risk for lung cancer, especially among non-smoking women.

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2018YFC1315000/01/03, 2017YFC0907900/01 and 2016YFC1302500/05 National Key R&D Program of China; 81871885 National Natural Science Foundation of China; 2019PT320027, 2019PT320023, 3332019005, 2018RC330002 and 2018RC320010 Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; No. 2019-I2M-2-002 CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences; 2017000021223TD05 Training Program Foundation for the Talents in Beijing City; 2017320013 PUMC Youth Fund; W2017BJ39 Special Foundation for Central Committee Health Care; Z181100001718212 Beijing Science and Technology Project; LC2017A01 Scientific Research of Cancer Hospital (Institute) on Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

Keywords: Lung cancer; Meta-analysis; Sex steroid hormones; Women

0 (Gonadal Steroid Hormones)

Date Created: 20210611 Date Completed: 20211018 Latest Revision: 20211018

20240829

PMC8194027

10.1186/s12885-021-08437-9

34112140