Variations in photoreceptor throughput to mouse visual cortex and the unique effects on tuning.

Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : Nature Publishing Group, copyright 2011-

Cone Opsins/*physiology ; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate/*physiology ; Rod Opsins/*physiology ; Vision, Ocular/*physiology ; Visual Cortex/*physiology; Algorithms ; Animals ; Cone Opsins/metabolism ; Female ; Male ; Mice, 129 Strain ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Knockout ; Models, Theoretical ; Photic Stimulation/methods ; Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate/metabolism ; Rod Opsins/metabolism ; Visual Cortex/metabolism ; Mice

Visual input to primary visual cortex (V1) depends on highly adaptive filtering in the retina. In turn, isolation of V1 computations requires experimental control of retinal adaptation to infer its spatio-temporal-chromatic output. Here, we measure the balance of input to mouse V1, in the anesthetized setup, from the three main photoreceptor opsins-M-opsin, S-opsin, and rhodopsin-as a function of two stimulus dimensions. The first dimension is the level of light adaptation within the mesopic range, which governs the balance of rod and cone inputs to cortex. The second stimulus dimension is retinotopic position, which governs the balance of S- and M-cone opsin input due to the opsin expression gradient in the retina. The fitted model predicts opsin input under arbitrary lighting environments, which provides a much-needed handle on in-vivo studies of the mouse visual system. We use it here to reveal that V1 is rod-mediated in common laboratory settings yet cone-mediated in natural daylight. Next, we compare functional properties of V1 under rod and cone-mediated inputs. The results show that cone-mediated V1 responds to 2.5-fold higher temporal frequencies than rod-mediated V1. Furthermore, cone-mediated V1 has smaller receptive fields, yet similar spatial frequency tuning. V1 responses in rod-deficient (Gnat1 ^-/- ) mice confirm that the effects are due to differences in photoreceptor opsin contribution.

Erratum in: Sci Rep. 2023 Jul 24;13(1):11949. (PMID: 37488211)

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R01 EY028657 United States EY NEI NIH HHS

0 (Cone Opsins)
0 (Rod Opsins)

Date Created: 20210608 Date Completed: 20211108 Latest Revision: 20240226

20240226

PMC8184960

10.1038/s41598-021-90650-4

34099749