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Calcite as a Precursor of Hydroxyapatite in the Early Biomineralization of Differentiating Human Bone-Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

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  • معلومة اضافية
    • المصدر:
      Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE
    • بيانات النشر:
      Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-
    • الموضوع:
      Biomineralization/*drug effects ; Calcium Carbonate/*pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation/*drug effects ; Durapatite/*pharmacology ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/*cytology; Humans ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/drug effects ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/ultrastructure ; Normal Distribution
    • نبذة مختصرة :
      Biomineralization is the process by which living organisms generate organized mineral crystals. In human cells, this phenomenon culminates with the formation of hydroxyapatite, which is a naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite. The mechanism that explains the genesis within the cell and the propagation of the mineral in the extracellular matrix still remains largely unexplained, and its characterization is highly controversial, especially in humans. In fact, up to now, biomineralization core knowledge has been provided by investigations on the advanced phases of this process. In this study, we characterize the contents of calcium depositions in human bone mesenchymal stem cells exposed to an osteogenic cocktail for 4 and 10 days using synchrotron-based cryo-soft-X-ray tomography and cryo-XANES microscopy. The reported results suggest crystalline calcite as a precursor of hydroxyapatite depositions within the cells in the biomineralization process. In particular, both calcite and hydroxyapatite were detected within the cell during the early phase of osteogenic differentiation. This striking finding may redefine most of the biomineralization models published so far, taking into account that they have been formulated using murine samples while studies in human cell lines are still scarce.
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: biomineralization; bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; cryo-XANES; osteoblastic differentiation
    • الرقم المعرف:
      91D9GV0Z28 (Durapatite)
      H0G9379FGK (Calcium Carbonate)
    • الموضوع:
      Date Created: 20210602 Date Completed: 20210617 Latest Revision: 20210617
    • الموضوع:
      20250114
    • الرقم المعرف:
      PMC8125725
    • الرقم المعرف:
      10.3390/ijms22094939
    • الرقم المعرف:
      34066542