The Act of Controlling Adult Stem Cell Dynamics: Insights from Animal Models.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101596414 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2218-273X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 2218273X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Biomolecules Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, 2011-

Cell Differentiation* ; Cell Proliferation* ; Gene Expression Regulation* ; Signal Transduction*; Adult Stem Cells/*physiology; Animals ; Cell Movement ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Neural Stem Cells

Adult stem cells (ASCs) are the undifferentiated cells that possess self-renewal and differentiation abilities. They are present in all major organ systems of the body and are uniquely reserved there during development for tissue maintenance during homeostasis, injury, and infection. They do so by promptly modulating the dynamics of proliferation, differentiation, survival, and migration. Any imbalance in these processes may result in regeneration failure or developing cancer. Hence, the dynamics of these various behaviors of ASCs need to always be precisely controlled. Several genetic and epigenetic factors have been demonstrated to be involved in tightly regulating the proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal of ASCs. Understanding these mechanisms is of great importance, given the role of stem cells in regenerative medicine. Investigations on various animal models have played a significant part in enriching our knowledge and giving In Vivo in-sight into such ASCs regulatory mechanisms. In this review, we have discussed the recent In Vivo studies demonstrating the role of various genetic factors in regulating dynamics of different ASCs viz. intestinal stem cells (ISCs), neural stem cells (NSCs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and epidermal stem cells (Ep-SCs).

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DST/INSPIRE/04/2018/002808 DST INSPIRE faculty grant

Keywords: adult stem cell; animal model; epidermal stem cell; hematopoietic stem cell; intestinal stem cell; neural stem cell; signaling pathway

Date Created: 20210505 Date Completed: 20210920 Latest Revision: 20210920

20221213

PMC8144950

10.3390/biom11050667

33946143