Molecular Epidemiology of Novirhabdoviruses Emerging in Iranian Trout Farms.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101509722 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1999-4915 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19994915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Viruses Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI

Fish Diseases/*epidemiology ; Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus/*isolation & purification ; Oncorhynchus mykiss/*virology ; Rhabdoviridae Infections/*epidemiology ; Rhabdoviridae Infections/*veterinary; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Disease Outbreaks ; Europe/epidemiology ; Fish Diseases/virology ; Fisheries ; Genotype ; Haplotypes/genetics ; Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus/genetics ; Iran/epidemiology ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Novirhabdovirus/genetics ; Novirhabdovirus/isolation & purification ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

Novirhabdoviruses cause large epizootics and economic losses of farmed trout. In this study, we surveyed Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus and Infectious hematopoietic and necrosis virus (VHSV and IHNV) through both monitoring and investigation of clinical outbreaks reported by farmers in the regions with major rainbow trout production in Iran from 2015 to 2019. RT-PCR assays of the kidney samples and cell culture (EPC/FHM cells) samples confirmed the presence of the viruses, with 9 VHSV and 4 IHNV isolates, in both endemic and new areas of Iran. Sequence analysis of the G gene revealed that VHSV isolates belonged to genogroup Ia, and IHNV isolates were clustered into genogroup E, both typical for isolates from European countries. A haplotype analysis based on non-homologous amino acids of the G gene supports the emergence of two lineages of IHNV from clade 1 (E-1), as well as VHSV clade 2 (Ia-2) of the European genogroups, confirming that VHSV and IHNV isolates in Iran, have originated from Europe possibly via imported eggs.

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Keywords: IHN; VHS; glycoprotein (G) gene; haplotype analysis; phylogeny; trout

Date Created: 20210403 Date Completed: 20210812 Latest Revision: 20210812

20240829

PMC7999222

10.3390/v13030448

33802100