Sarcopenia and Muscle Aging: A Brief Overview.

Publisher: Korean Endocrine Society Country of Publication: Korea (South) NLM ID: 101554139 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2093-5978 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 2093596X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Seoul : Korean Endocrine Society, [2010]-

Aging/*pathology ; Mitochondria/*pathology ; Muscle, Skeletal/*pathology ; Sarcopenia/*pathology; Aged ; Aging/metabolism ; Animals ; Coumarins/metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology ; Humans ; Mitochondria/metabolism ; Mitophagy/physiology ; Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism ; NAD/metabolism ; Sarcopenia/metabolism ; Sarcopenia/therapy

The world is facing the new challenges of an aging population, and understanding the process of aging has therefore become one of the most important global concerns. Sarcopenia is a condition which is defined by the gradual loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with age. In research and clinical practice, sarcopenia is recognized as a component of geriatric disease and is a current target for drug development. In this review we define this condition and provide an overview of current therapeutic approaches. We further highlight recent findings that describe key pathophysiological phenotypes of this condition, including alterations in muscle fiber types, mitochondrial function, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism, myokines, and gut microbiota, in aged muscle compared to young muscle or healthy aged muscle. The last part of this review examines new therapeutic avenues for promising treatment targets. There is still no accepted therapy for sarcopenia in humans. Here we provide a brief review of the current state of research derived from various mouse models or human samples that provide novel routes for the development of effective therapeutics to maintain muscle health during aging.

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2020R1A2C2010964 International National Research Foundation of Korea; International Ministry of Science and ICT; MOP 159455 Canada CIHR; RGPIN 2018-06838 International Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; DGECR 2018-00012 International Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; International University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute

Keywords: Aging; Exercise; Gastrointestinal microbiome; Mitochondria; Mitophagy; NAD+; Sarcopenia; Skeletal muscle; Urolithin

0 (Coumarins)
0U46U6E8UK (NAD)
1143-70-0 (3,8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one)

Date Created: 20210105 Date Completed: 20210913 Latest Revision: 20210913

20231215

PMC7803599

10.3803/EnM.2020.405

33397034