Endothelial cells and angiogenesis in the horse in health and disease-A review.

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 7704218 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1439-0264 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 03402096 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Anat Histol Embryol Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
Original Publication: Berlin, Parey.

Cardiovascular System/*embryology ; Cardiovascular System/*growth & development ; Endothelial Progenitor Cells/*physiology ; Horse Diseases/*pathology ; Horses/*embryology ; Horses/*growth & development; Animals ; Eye Diseases/pathology ; Eye Diseases/veterinary ; Female ; Hoof and Claw/blood supply ; Hoof and Claw/pathology ; Male ; Musculoskeletal System/anatomy & histology ; Musculoskeletal System/blood supply ; Neoplasms/blood supply ; Neoplasms/veterinary ; Ovary/blood supply ; Ovary/physiology ; Placenta/physiology ; Pregnancy ; Reproduction ; Testis/blood supply ; Uterus/blood supply ; Uterus/physiology ; Wound Healing/physiology

The cardiovascular system is the first functional organ in the embryo, and its blood vessels form a widespread conductive network within the organism. Blood vessels develop de novo, by the differentiation of endothelial progenitor cells (vasculogenesis) or by angiogenesis, which is the formation of new blood vessels from existing ones. This review presents an overview of the current knowledge on physiological and pathological angiogenesis in the horse including studies on equine endothelial cells. Principal study fields in equine angiogenesis research were identified: equine endothelial progenitor cells; equine endothelial cells and angiogenesis (heterogeneity, markers and assessment); endothelial regulatory molecules in equine angiogenesis; angiogenesis research in equine reproduction (ovary, uterus, placenta and conceptus, testis); angiogenesis research in pathological conditions (tumours, ocular pathologies, equine wound healing, musculoskeletal system and laminitis). The review also includes a table that summarizes in vitro studies on equine endothelial cells, either describing the isolation procedure or using previously isolated endothelial cells. A particular challenge of the review was that results published are fragmentary and sometimes even contradictory, raising more questions than they answer. In conclusion, angiogenesis is a major factor in several diseases frequently occurring in horses, but relatively few studies focus on angiogenesis in the horse. The challenge for the future is therefore to continue exploring new therapeutic angiogenesis strategies for horses to fill in the missing pieces of the puzzle.
(© 2019 The Authors. Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

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Keywords: angiogenesis, endothelium, vascular; horses; neovascularization, pathologic; neovascularization, physiologic

Date Created: 20200709 Date Completed: 20210902 Latest Revision: 20210902

20221213

10.1111/ahe.12588

32639627