Ambient particulate matter and biomass burning: an ecological time series study of respiratory and cardiovascular hospital visits in northern Thailand.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101147645 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1476-069X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 1476069X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Health Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2002-

Biomass* ; Fires*; Air Pollutants/*adverse effects ; Cardiovascular Diseases/*epidemiology ; Particulate Matter/*adverse effects ; Respiratory Tract Diseases/*epidemiology; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged, 80 and over ; Air Pollution/adverse effects ; Animals ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Respiratory Tract Diseases/etiology ; Risk Factors ; Thailand/epidemiology ; Young Adult

Background: Exposure to particulate matter (PM) emitted from biomass burning is an increasing concern, particularly in Southeast Asia. It is not yet clear how the source of PM influences the risk of an adverse health outcome. The objective of this study was to quantify and compare health risks of PM from biomass burning and non-biomass burning sources in northern Thailand.
Methods: We collected ambient air pollutant data (PM with a diameter of < 10 μm [PM 10 ], PM 2.5 , Carbon Monoxide [CO], Ozone [O 3 ], and Nitrogen Dioxide [NO 2 ]) from ground-based monitors and daily outpatient hospital visits in Thailand during 2014-2017. Outpatient data included chronic lower respiratory disease (CLRD), ischaemic heart disease (IHD), and cerebrovascular disease (CBVD). We performed an ecological time series analysis to evaluate the association between daily air pollutants and outpatient visits. We used the 90th and 95th percentiles of PM 10 concentrations to determine days of exposure to PM predominantly from biomass burning.
Results: There was significant intra annual variation in PM 10 levels, with the highest concentrations occurring during March, coinciding with peak biomass burning. Incidence Rate Ratios (IRRs) between daily PM 10 and outpatient visits were elevated most on the same day as exposure for CLRD = 1.020 (95% CI: 1.012 to 1.028) and CBVD = 1.020 (95% CI: 1.004 to 1.035), with no association with IHD = 0.994 (95% CI: 0.974 to 1.014). Adjusting for CO tended to increase effect estimates. We did not find evidence of an exposure response relationship with levels of PM 10 on days of biomass burning.
Conclusions: We found same-day exposures of PM 10 to be associated with certain respiratory and cardiovascular outpatient visits. We advise implementing measures to reduce population exposures to PM wherever possible, and to improve understanding of health effects associated with burning specific types of biomass in areas where such large-scale activities occur.

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MR/R006210/1 United Kingdom MRC_ Medical Research Council

Keywords: Ambient air pollution; Biomass burning; Hospital visits; Particulate matter; Thailand; Time series

0 (Air Pollutants)
0 (Particulate Matter)

Date Created: 20200705 Date Completed: 20201124 Latest Revision: 20240329

20250114

PMC7333306

10.1186/s12940-020-00629-3

32620124