Nitric oxide: To be or not to be an endocrine hormone?

Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101262545 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1748-1716 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17481708 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Acta Physiol (Oxf) Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell
Original Publication: Oxford : Blackwell Pub., c2006-4

Signal Transduction*; Endocrine System/*metabolism ; Hormones/*metabolism ; Nitric Oxide/*metabolism; Animals ; Humans ; Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase/metabolism

Nitric oxide (NO), a highly reactive gasotransmitter, is critical for a number of cellular processes and has multiple biological functions. Due to its limited lifetime and diffusion distance, NO has been mainly believed to act in autocrine/paracrine fashion. The increasingly recognized effects of pharmacologically delivered and endogenous NO at a distant site have changed the conventional wisdom and introduced NO as an endocrine signalling molecule. The notion is greatly supported by the detection of a number of NO adducts and their circulatory cycles, which in turn contribute to the transport and delivery of NO bioactivity, remote from the sites of its synthesis. The existence of endocrine sites of synthesis, negative feedback regulation of biosynthesis, integrated storage and transport systems, having an exclusive receptor, that is, soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), and organized circadian rhythmicity make NO something beyond a simple autocrine/paracrine signalling molecule that could qualify for being an endocrine signalling molecule. Here, we discuss hormonal features of NO from the classical endocrine point of view and review available knowledge supporting NO as a true endocrine hormone. This new insight can provide a new framework within which to reinterpret NO biology and its clinical applications.
(© 2020 Scandinavian Physiological Society. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

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Keywords: endocrine; hormone; nitric oxide; signalling molecule

0 (Hormones)
31C4KY9ESH (Nitric Oxide)
EC 4.6.1.2 (Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase)

Date Created: 20200117 Date Completed: 20210721 Latest Revision: 20210721

20231215

10.1111/apha.13443

31944587