Quantification of malaria antigens PfHRP2 and pLDH by quantitative suspension array technology in whole blood, dried blood spot and plasma.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101139802 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1475-2875 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14752875 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Malar J Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2002-

Antigens, Protozoan/*blood ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/*blood ; Malaria, Falciparum/*diagnosis ; Malaria, Vivax/*diagnosis ; Protozoan Proteins/*blood; Adolescent ; Adult ; Africa ; Animals ; Biotin ; Calibration ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing/methods ; Humans ; Malaria, Falciparum/blood ; Malaria, Vivax/blood ; Mice ; Microspheres ; Parasitemia/blood ; Parasitemia/diagnosis ; Pregnancy ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; South America ; Spain ; Young Adult

Background: Malaria diagnostics by rapid diagnostic test (RDT) relies primarily on the qualitative detection of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2) and Plasmodium spp lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH). As novel RDTs with increased sensitivity are being developed and implemented as point of care diagnostics, highly sensitive laboratory-based assays are needed for evaluating RDT performance. Here, a quantitative suspension array technology (qSAT) was developed, validated and applied for the simultaneous detection of PfHRP2 and pLDH in a variety of biological samples (whole blood, plasma and dried blood spots) from individuals living in different endemic countries.
Results: The qSAT was specific for the target antigens, with analytical ranges of 6.8 to 762.8 pg/ml for PfHRP2 and 78.1 to 17076.6 pg/ml for P. falciparum LDH (Pf-LDH). The assay detected Plasmodium vivax LDH (Pv-LDH) at a lower sensitivity than Pf-LDH (analytical range of 1093.20 to 187288.5 pg/ml). Both PfHRP2 and pLDH levels determined using the qSAT showed to positively correlate with parasite densities determined by quantitative PCR (Spearman r = 0.59 and 0.75, respectively) as well as microscopy (Spearman r = 0.40 and 0.75, respectively), suggesting the assay to be a good predictor of parasite density.
Conclusion: This immunoassay can be used as a reference test for the detection and quantification of PfHRP2 and pLDH, and could serve for external validation of RDT performance, to determine antigen persistence after parasite clearance, as well as a complementary tool to assess malaria burden in endemic settings.

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Keywords: Histidine-rich protein 2; Luminex; Malaria; Parasite lactate dehydrogenase; Quantitative suspension array technology; Rapid diagnostic test

0 (Antigens, Protozoan)
0 (HRP-2 antigen, Plasmodium falciparum)
0 (Protozoan Proteins)
6SO6U10H04 (Biotin)
EC 1.1.1.27 (L-Lactate Dehydrogenase)

Date Created: 20200111 Date Completed: 20200817 Latest Revision: 20200817

20221213

PMC6953214

10.1186/s12936-019-3083-5

31918718