Platinum-induced peripheral neurotoxicity: From pathogenesis to treatment.

Publisher: Wiley Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9704532 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1529-8027 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10859489 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Peripher Nerv Syst Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: <2010->: Hoboken, NJ Wiley
Original Publication: New York, NY : Woodland Publications, c1996-

Antineoplastic Agents/*adverse effects ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes/*therapy ; Organoplatinum Compounds/*adverse effects ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/*chemically induced ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/*therapy; Cisplatin/adverse effects ; Duloxetine Hydrochloride/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes/diagnosis ; Oxaliplatin/adverse effects ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis ; Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Platinum-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (PIPN) is a common side effect of platinum-based chemotherapy that may cause dose reduction and discontinuation, with oxaliplatin being more neurotoxic. PIPN includes acute neurotoxicity restricted to oxaliplatin, and chronic non-length-dependent sensory neuronopathy with positive and negative sensory symptoms and neuropathic pain in both upper and lower limbs. Chronic sensory axonal neuropathy manifesting as stocking-and-glove distribution is also frequent. Worsening of neuropathic symptoms after completing the last chemotherapy course may occur. Motor and autonomic involvement is uncommon. Ototoxicity is frequent in children and more commonly to cisplatin. Platinum-based compounds result in more prolonged neuropathic symptoms in comparison to other chemotherapy agents. Patient reported outcomes questionnaires, clinical evaluation and instrumental tools offer complementary information in PIPN. Electrodiagnostic features include diffusely reduced/abolished sensory action potentials, in keeping with a sensory neuronopathy. PIPN is dependent on cumulative dose but there is a large variability in its occurrence. The search for additional risk factors for PIPN has thus far yielded no consistent findings. There are currently no neuroprotective strategies to reduce the risk of PIPN, and symptomatic treatment is limited to duloxetine that was found effective in a single phase III intervention study. This review critically examines the pathogenesis, incidence, risk factors (both clinical and pharmacogenetic), clinical phenotype and management of PIPN.
(© 2019 Peripheral Nerve Society.)

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R01 CA211887 United States CA NCI NIH HHS

Keywords: assessment; carboplatin; chemotherapy; cisplatin; diagnosis; neuropathy; neurotoxicity; oxaliplatin; prevention; treatment

0 (Antineoplastic Agents)
0 (Organoplatinum Compounds)
0 (Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors)
04ZR38536J (Oxaliplatin)
9044SC542W (Duloxetine Hydrochloride)
Q20Q21Q62J (Cisplatin)

Date Created: 20191025 Date Completed: 20200422 Latest Revision: 20201001

20221213

PMC6818741

10.1111/jns.12335

31647151