Single-cell damage elicits regional, nematode-restricting ethylene responses in roots.

Publisher: Wiley Blackwell Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8208664 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1460-2075 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02614189 NLM ISO Abbreviation: EMBO J Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: 2014- : London : Wiley Blackwell
Original Publication: Eynsham, Oxford, England : Published for the European Molecular Biology Organization by IRL Press, [c1982-

Stress, Mechanical*; Ethylenes/*biosynthesis ; Nematoda/*metabolism ; Plant Roots/*metabolism ; Stress, Physiological/*physiology; Animals ; Arabidopsis/genetics ; Arabidopsis/metabolism ; Calcium Signaling/physiology ; Cyclopentanes/metabolism ; Ethylenes/metabolism ; Host-Parasite Interactions/physiology ; Oxylipins/metabolism ; Plants, Genetically Modified ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Time-Lapse Imaging

Plants are exposed to cellular damage by mechanical stresses, herbivore feeding, or invading microbes. Primary wound responses are communicated to neighboring and distal tissues by mobile signals. In leaves, crushing of large cell populations activates a long-distance signal, causing jasmonate production in distal organs. This is mediated by a cation channel-mediated depolarization wave and is associated with cytosolic Ca ²⁺ transient currents. Here, we report that much more restricted, single-cell wounding in roots by laser ablation elicits non-systemic, regional surface potential changes, calcium waves, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Surprisingly, laser ablation does not induce a robust jasmonate response, but regionally activates ethylene production and ethylene-response markers. This ethylene activation depends on calcium channel activities distinct from those in leaves, as well as a specific set of NADPH oxidases. Intriguingly, nematode attack elicits very similar responses, including membrane depolarization and regional upregulation of ethylene markers. Moreover, ethylene signaling antagonizes nematode feeding, delaying initial syncytial-phase establishment. Regional signals caused by single-cell wounding thus appear to constitute a relevant root immune response against small invaders.
(© 2019 The Authors.)

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Keywords: ethylene; nematodes; regional response; single‐cell laser ablation; surface depolarization

0 (Cyclopentanes)
0 (Ethylenes)
0 (Oxylipins)
0 (Reactive Oxygen Species)
6RI5N05OWW (jasmonic acid)
91GW059KN7 (ethylene)

Date Created: 20190508 Date Completed: 20200106 Latest Revision: 20200516

20231215

PMC6518030

10.15252/embj.2018100972

31061171