Evaluation of the Degree of Polymerization of the Proanthocyanidins in Cranberry by Molecular Sieving and Characterization of the Low Molecular Weight Fractions by UHPLC-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 100964009 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1420-3049 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14203049 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Molecules

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, c1995-

Polymerization*; Catechin/*analysis ; Fruit/*chemistry ; Plant Extracts/*chemistry ; Proanthocyanidins/*analysis ; Vaccinium macrocarpon/*chemistry; Catechin/chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Weight ; Proanthocyanidins/chemistry ; Quercetin/analogs & derivatives ; Quercetin/analysis ; Quercetin/chemistry

4-dimethylammino-cinnamaldehyde (DMAC) assays quantify total proanthocyanidins (PACs) but do not provide qualitative PAC molecular weight distribution information and cannot discriminate between A- and B-type PACs. We developed an efficient method for assessing PAC molecular weight distributions. The PACs from three commercial cranberry extracts (A1-A3) were fractionated by molecular sieves with cut-offs of 3, 10, 30, 50, and 100 kDa, and each fraction was analyzed by DMAC assays. A1, A2, and A3 contained 27%, 33%, and 15% PACs, respectively. Approximately 28 PACs, 20 flavonols, and 15 phenolic acids were identified by UHPLC-DAD-Orbitrap MS in A1 and A3, while A2 contained only flavan-3-ols. Epicatechin was the main monomer in A1 and A3, and catechin was the main in A2. Procyanidin A2 was the main dimer in A1 and A3, representing more than 85% of the total dimers, while it constituted approximately only 24% of A2. A1 and A3 contained quercetin, isorhamnetin, myricetin, and their glycosides, which were totally absent in A2. In A1 and A3 the PACs were mainly distributed in the fractions 30-3 and <3 kDa, while in A2 more than 70% were present in the fraction less than 3 kDa. Overall, obtained data strongly suggests that A2 is not cranberry-derived, or is adulterated with another source of PACs.

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Keywords: DMAC assay; UHPLC-DAD-Orbitrap MS; Vaccinium macrocarpon; molecular sieve; proanthocyanidins

0 (Plant Extracts)
0 (Proanthocyanidins)
0 (procyanidin A2)
07X3IB4R4Z (3-methylquercetin)
8R1V1STN48 (Catechin)
9IKM0I5T1E (Quercetin)

Date Created: 20190420 Date Completed: 20190806 Latest Revision: 20200225

20250114

PMC6515400

10.3390/molecules24081504

30999600