Cross-Border Movement of Highly Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Papua New Guinea to Australia through Torres Strait Protected Zone, 2010-2015.

Publisher: National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9508155 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1080-6059 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10806040 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Emerg Infect Dis

Original Publication: Atlanta, GA : National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), [1995-

Emigration and Immigration*; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/*drug effects ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/*epidemiology ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/*microbiology; Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology ; Australia/epidemiology ; Bacterial Typing Techniques ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genotype ; Geography ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification ; Papua New Guinea/epidemiology ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/history ; Whole Genome Sequencing

In this retrospective study, we used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to delineate transmission dynamics, characterize drug-resistance markers, and identify risk factors of transmission among Papua New Guinea residents of the Torres Strait Protected Zone (TSPZ) who had tuberculosis diagnoses during 2010-2015. Of 117 isolates collected, we could acquire WGS data for 100; 79 were Beijing sublineage 2.2.1.1, which was associated with active transmission (odds ratio 6.190, 95% CI 2.221-18.077). Strains were distributed widely throughout the TSPZ. Clustering occurred more often within than between villages (p = 0.0013). Including 4 multidrug-resistant tuberculosis isolates from Australia citizens epidemiologically linked to the TSPZ into the transmission network analysis revealed 2 probable cross-border transmission events. All multidrug-resistant isolates (33/104) belonged to Beijing sublineage 2.2.1.1 and had high-level isoniazid and ethionamide co-resistance; 2 isolates were extensively drug resistant. Including WGS in regional surveillance could improve tuberculosis transmission tracking and control strategies within the TSPZ.

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Keywords: Australia; Beijing sublineage 2.2.1.1; MDR TB; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Papua New Guinea; TB; Torres Strait; antimicrobial resistance; bacteria; cross-border movement; drug resistance; ethionamide; isoniazid; mycobacteria; transmission; tuberculosis; tuberculosis and other mycobacteria; whole-genome sequencing

0 (Antitubercular Agents)

Date Created: 20190222 Date Completed: 20190815 Latest Revision: 20200309

20240829

PMC6390734

10.3201/eid2503.181003

30789135