[Emergency treatment of sickle cell diseases in the Blood Diseases Department at the Koutoukou Maga National Teaching Hospital, Cotonou, Benin].

Urgences drépanocytaires au Service des Maladies du Sang du Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire-Hubert Koutoukou Maga de Cotonou, Benin.

Publisher: African Field Epidemiology Network Country of Publication: Uganda NLM ID: 101517926 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1937-8688 (Electronic) NLM ISO Abbreviation: Pan Afr Med J Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Kampala, Uganda : African Field Epidemiology Network

Emergencies*; Acute Pain/*etiology ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/*therapy ; Hospitalization/*statistics & numerical data; Adolescent ; Adult ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/physiopathology ; Benin ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Introduction: Evolution of sickle cell disease is marked by the occurrence of acute complications, some of which are real emergencies that can give rise to life-threatening or functional cosequences. This study aims to evaluate the frequency and the evolution of emergency treatment of sickle cell disease in the Blood Diseases Department at the Koutoukou Maga National Teaching Hospital, Cotonou.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective and descriptive study of all patients hospitalized for emergency treatment of sickle cell disease from January 2014 to December 2015. We excluded patients hospitalized for chronic sickle cell disease complications.
Results: Out of 813 hospitalizations, two hundred and four (204) emergency treatments of sickle cell disease were registered (prevalence 25%). The average age of our patients was 24.2 years. The most represented age group was 20-30 years (45.6%). Male sex predominated (60.8%). Pupils/students was the most represented group (55.9%). Acute pain was the primary reason for hospitalization to 63.7%. Normal homozygous individuals (SS) were mostly represented (72.1%). Osteoarticular vaso-occlusive complications predominated (70.1%). Documented infectious complications were dominated by malaria (27.5%). Decompensated anemia accounted for 30.4%. Therapeutic approach was based on hydration (85.3%). The average length of stay in hospital was 5.4 days. Outcome was favorable in 96,5% of cases. Mortality accounted for 2.5%.
Conclusion: Emergency treatments of sickle cell disease are frequent. Early diagnosis as well as early and effective management are necessary. Ongoing training programs in emergency treatments of sickle cell disease are necessary to reduce mortality.

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Keywords: Benin; Emergency treatments; sickle cell disease

Date Created: 20181121 Date Completed: 20181211 Latest Revision: 20220330

20240829

PMC6235509

10.11604/pamj.2018.30.192.15931

30455821