Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid RNA-Templated Transcription: Factors and Regulation.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101509722 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1999-4915 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19994915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Viruses Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI

Gene Expression Regulation, Viral* ; Host-Pathogen Interactions* ; RNA, Viral*/chemistry ; RNA, Viral*/genetics ; Transcription, Genetic*; Plant Diseases/*virology ; Solanum tuberosum/*virology ; Viroids/*physiology; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Plant Diseases/genetics ; RNA Splicing ; Ribosomal Proteins/genetics ; Ribosomal Proteins/metabolism ; Transcription Factor TFIIIA/genetics ; Transcription Factor TFIIIA/metabolism ; Virus Replication

Viroids are circular noncoding RNAs that infect plants. Without encoding any protein, these noncoding RNAs contain the necessary genetic information for propagation in hosts. Nuclear-replicating viroids employ DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II (Pol II) for replication, a process that makes a DNA-dependent enzyme recognize RNA templates. Recently, a splicing variant of transcription factor IIIA (TFIIIA-7ZF) was identified as essential for Pol II to replicate potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd). The expression of TFIIIA-7ZF, particularly the splicing event, is regulated by a ribosomal protein (RPL5). PSTVd modulates its expression through a direct interaction with RPL5 resulting in optimized expression of TFIIIA-7ZF. This review summarizes the recent discoveries of host factors and regulatory mechanisms underlying PSTVd-templated transcription processes and raises new questions that may help future exploration in this direction. In addition, it briefly compares the machinery and the regulatory mechanism for PSTVd with the replication/transcription system of human hepatitis delta virus.

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IOS-1564366 International National Science Foundation

Keywords: HDAg; Pol II; RPL5; TFIIIA; alternative splicing; hepatitis delta virus; viroid replication

0 (RNA, Viral)
0 (Ribosomal Proteins)
0 (Transcription Factor TFIIIA)

Date Created: 20180920 Date Completed: 20181116 Latest Revision: 20181116

20231215

PMC6164485

10.3390/v10090503

30227597