Assessment of the neuropsychomotor development in the first year of life of premature infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Avaliação do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor de lactentes nascidos prematuros com e sem displasia broncopulmonar no primeiro ano de vida.

Publisher: Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira Country of Publication: Brazil NLM ID: 9506692 Publication Model: Print Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1982-4335 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 0103507X NLM ISO Abbreviation: Rev Bras Ter Intensiva Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: [Rio de Janeiro] : Associação de Medicina Intensiva Brasileira,

Infant, Premature*; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/*complications ; Developmental Disabilities/*epidemiology ; Psychomotor Performance/*physiology; Adult ; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia/physiopathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Developmental Disabilities/etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Length of Stay ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy/statistics & numerical data ; Pregnancy ; Respiration, Artificial/statistics & numerical data ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

Objective: To compare the neuropsychomotor development in the first year of life of premature infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted between January 1, 2014, and December 30, 2015, with premature infants weighing < 1,500g at birth and diagnosed with bronchopulmonary dysplasia at the corrected ages of 6 and 9 months, assessed using the DENVER II Developmental Screening Test. Quantitative variables were described as the means, medians and standard deviations. Variables with normal distribution were tested using Student's t test; otherwise, the Mann-Whitney test was used, considering significance at p-value < 0.05. Qualitative variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages. Logistic regression was used with odds ratio analysis to evaluate the effects of other variables as risk factors for changes in neuropsychomotor development.
Results: Infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia showed greater developmental delay compared with those without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (p-value = 0.001). The factors associated with a higher incidence of changes in neuropsychomotor development, in addition to bronchopulmonary dysplasia, were antenatal steroid, gender, birth weight, 5-minute Apgar score, Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-Perinatal Extension, duration of oxygen therapy, duration of mechanical ventilation and length of hospital stay. Other variables may also have influenced the result, such as drug use by mothers of infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Conclusion: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia associated with other pre- and postnatal factors may be considered a risk factor for delayed neuropsychomotor development in the first year of life in premature infants born weighing less than 1,500g.

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Local Abstract: [Publisher, Portuguese] Comparar o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor de lactentes nascidos prematuramente, com e sem displasia broncopulmonar, no primeiro ano de vida. [Publisher, Portuguese] Estudo retrospectivo, do tipo transversal, realizado no período de 1º de janeiro de 2014 a 30 de dezembro de 2015, com lactentes prematuros, com peso < 1.500g ao nascer e diagnóstico de displasia broncopulmonar, na idade corrigida de 6 e 9 meses, avaliados pelo Teste de Triagem do Desenvolvimento DENVER II. As variáveis quantitativas foram descritas em médias, medianas e desvio padrão. Para as variáveis que apresentaram distribuição normal, aplicou-se o teste t de Student; do contrário, foi aplicado o teste de Mann-Whitney, considerando significância o valor de p < 0,05. As variáveis qualitativas foram descritas em frequências e porcentagens. Utilizou-se a regressão logística com análise da razão de chances para avaliar os efeitos das outras variáveis, como fatores de risco para alterações no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. [Publisher, Portuguese] Os lactentes com displasia broncopulmonar apresentaram maior atraso no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor quando comparados àqueles sem displasia broncopulmonar (p = 0,001). Os fatores associados com maior incidência para alterações no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor, além da displasia broncopulmonar, foram: esteroide antenatal, sexo, peso ao nascimento, escore de Apgar no quinto minuto, Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology with Perinatal Extension, tempo de oxigenoterapia, ventilação mecânica e internação. Outras variáveis também podem ter influenciado o resultado, como uso de drogas pelas mães dos lactentes com displasia broncopulmonar. [Publisher, Portuguese] A displasia broncopulmonar associada a outros fatores pré e pós-natais pode ser considerada fator de risco para o atraso do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor em lactentes nascidos prematuramente e com peso inferior a 1.500g, no primeiro ano de vida.

Date Created: 20180712 Date Completed: 20181214 Latest Revision: 20220318

20221213

PMC6031416

10.5935/0103-507X.20180023

29995082